高原林蛙不同部位皮肤组织结构比较  

Comparison of Different Skin Tissue Structures in Different Parts of Rana kukunoris

作　　者：张湑泽 彭飞 侯业茂 付林 沈迎芳 刘晶 孙玉奇 庞礴[3] 都玉蓉 郭松长[5] ZHANG Xu-Ze;PENG Fei;HOU Ye-Mao;FU Lin;SHEN Ying-Fang;LIU Jin;SUN Yu-Qi;PANG Bo;DOU Yu-Rong;GUO Song-Chang(College of Eco-Environment ＆ Resources,Qinghai University for Nationalities,Xining 810007;Qinghai Provincial Biotechnology and Analytical Test Key Laboratory,Tibetan Plateau Juema Research Centre,Xining 810007;Northwest lnstitute of Plateau Biology,Chinese Academy ofScienees,Xining 810008;College ofLife Seience,Qinghai Normal University,Xining 810001;College of Animal Seience and Technology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]青海民族大学生态环境与资源学院,西宁810007 [2]青海省生物技术与分析测试重点实验室,青藏高原蕨麻研究中心,西宁810007 [3]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,西宁810008 [4]青海师范大学生命科学学院,西宁810001 [5]湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院,长沙410128

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2018年第4期582-588,共7页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：青海民族大学校级理工自然科学项目(No.2016XJQ04);青海民族大学大学生创新创业项目训练计划; 环境保护部生物多样性保护专项

摘　　要：高原林蛙(Rana kukunoris)是青藏高原特有的两栖类动物,已适应青藏高原高海拔低温、缺氧、强紫外线的自然环境。采用石蜡切片技术和H.E染色及扫描电镜技术对青藏高原东北部地区高原林蛙头部、背部、腹部、侧部皮肤结构进行观察。高原林蛙各部位皮肤均由表皮和真皮组成,表皮是角质化的复层扁平上皮,不同部位表皮层厚度接近,真皮层厚度不同,头部真皮层的厚度最厚,为(197.86±29.73)μm,侧部最薄,为(55.33±5.22)μm。高原林蛙真皮疏松层中分布有颗粒腺、黏液腺和嗜酸腺。颗粒腺主要分布于头背部;黏液腺在头部数目最多,侧部最少;嗜酸腺在机体各部位均匀分布。高原林蛙头部、背部、侧部色素细胞含量丰富,腹部色素细胞含量较少。毛细血管分布于真皮疏松层腺体周围,表皮中也有少量分布。这些结构特征可能是高原林蛙对青藏高原环境的适应策略。Rana kukunoris,a unique amphibian inhabited on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau,has adapted to the natural environment of high altitude,hypoxia and strong ultraviolet radiation in the long term.The skin structure produces a series of specific changes to make living organisms be survival to the environment.The morphological and histological observation on the skin of R.kukunoris was conducted by optical and scanning electron microscopy.Measurements were performed using image software Image-Pro Plus 6.0.All statistical tests were performed using software SPSS 19.0.All values given were shown as Mean±SE.P0.05 was considered significant in t test.The skin of R.kukunoris consisted of epidermis and dermis（Fig.1,2）.The epidermis was keratinized stratified squamous epithelium（Fig.2 e,f）,and its thicknesses were basically consistent at various positions.The thicknesses of dermis were different at different positions of the body（Table 2）.The dermis of the back head was the thickest（197.86±29.73 μm） and that of the lateral side of body was the thinnest（55.33±5.22 μm）.There were three types of cutaneous glands,mucous glands,granular glands and eosinophil glands in the stratum spongiosum（Fig.1 b）.The mucous glands of dorsal was the most,and the granular glands were mostly distributed in the dorsal skin in a cluste.The epidermis contained a few capillaries and rich chromatophores,capillaries were evenly distributed in the dorsal-ventral skin,chromatophores were distributed in the dorsal skin,and a few in ventral skin,which is probably the strategy of Rana kukunoris adaption to Qinghai-Tibet plateau.

关 键 词：高原林蛙 皮肤 组织切片 扫描电镜 

分 类 号：Q954[生物学—动物学]