少数民族地区小学生入学准备状况及教师准备研究——以新疆维吾尔自治区伊宁市为例  

Investigation on School Readiness of First Grade Elementary School Students and Preparation of Teachers in Ethnic Minority Area——A Case Study from Yining City of Xinjiang

作　　者：郭璇 盖笑松[1] GUO Xuan;GAI Xiaosong(Department of Psychology,Northeast Normal University,Changchun Jilin,130024;College of Education,Yili Normal University,Yining Xinjiang,835000)

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学心理学院,吉林长春130024 [2]伊犁师范学院教育科学学院,新疆伊宁835000

出　　处：《现代基础教育研究》2018年第2期134-141,共8页Research on Modern Basic Education

基　　金：2015年度教育部人文社会科学规划基金新疆专项“家庭双语互动对哈萨克族儿童双语水平及执行功能发展的促进”(课题编号:15XJJA190001)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：选取新疆伊宁市部分民汉合校中民汉混合班级汉语授课的小学一年级学生393人,用修订的＂儿童入学准备状况教师等级评定表＂对儿童入学准备情况进行评定;采用皮博迪词汇测验第四版（PPVT-4）和表达性语言测评第二版（EVT-2）分别测查儿童的汉语言理解和表达水平;采用教师问卷和访谈法调查了66位教师对儿童入学所做准备及干预情况。结果发现：一年级小学生入学准备存在显著的民汉差异和性别差异,各民族儿童在汉语理解与表达水平上存在显著差异;小学生在入学准备的各个领域均存在准备不足现象,少数民族儿童入学准备不足尤其突出;教师对小学生入学所做的准备显著不足,双语汉族班主任更受少数民族学生的欢迎。教师对入学准备不足儿童的干预现状欠佳,干预手段不够科学。393 first grade primary school students were randomly selected from which Ethnic and Han Students in the sameclass of the schools merging for both Han and ethnic students in which class teaching is offered in Chinese in Yi Ning City. “TheRevised Rating Scale of School Readiness by Teacher” was used to assess the level of children’s readiness. Children’s Chinesecomprehensive and expressive level was assessed via the “Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test Ⅳ” and the “Expressive VocabularyTest II” respectively. 66 teachers were investigated on the preparation and intervention for children’ s school readiness by theteacher’s questionnaire and interview. Results showed that there are remarkable ethnic differences and gender differences inschool readiness. There are significant differences in Chinese comprehension and expression of all ethnic groups. The pupils areunderprepared in every area of school readiness, and minority children are especially serious. Teachers are not prepared for theentrance of primary school students and the bilingual Han head teachers are more popular among minority students. The intervention of the teachers for children who are not ready for school is not enough and the means of intervention are also not scientific.

关 键 词：小学一年级学生 少数民族 入学准备 汉语言理解和表达 教师的准备与干预 

分 类 号：G629.2[文化科学—教育学]