荔枝自动分级单体排序输送装置参数优化  

Parameter optimization of automatic grading and monomeric delivery device of litchi

作　　者：李嘉威[1] 陈燕[1] 王佳盛 刘威威[1] 曾泽钦[1] 邹湘军[1] LI Jiawei;CHEN Yan;WANG Jiasheng;LIU Weiwei;ZENG Zeqin;ZOU Xiangjun(College of Engineering,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学工程学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《华南农业大学学报》2018年第4期93-99,共7页Journal of South China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31571568);广东省科技计划项目(2015A020209120;2015A020209111)

摘　　要：【目的】开发荔枝自动分级设备。【方法】设计自动单体排序输送装置,对其进行排序输送试验,分析装置不同的工作和结构参数对荔枝卡果次数和空穴率的影响,同时,建立回归及组合模型,并对各影响因素进行综合优化。【结果】荔枝卡果次数和空穴率都随着大转盘转速、小转盘运动周期和喂入量的增大而增多,荔枝卡果次数和空穴率都随大转盘孔数的增多先增多后减少,空穴率随着小转盘运动幅值偏移系数的增大而增大;影响荔枝卡果次数和空穴率的最主要因素是喂入量,其次是大转盘转速和小转盘运动幅值偏移系数。回归组合模型求解得到的最优参数组合优于基于正交试验水平值的综合平衡最优参数组合和独立回归模型得到的最优参数组合;输送装置最优参数组合为大转盘转速7.35 r·min^(–1)、小转盘运动幅值为14.30 r·min^(–1)、小转盘运动周期16.93 s、小转盘运动幅值偏移系数0.33、小转盘运动规律以线性变化、喂入量1.31 kg、大转盘孔数10个,此时,荔枝卡果0次、空穴率为6%。【结论】研究可为荔枝自动分级单体排序装置的设计提供参考。【Objective】To develop an automatic grading machine of litchi.【Method】An automatic monomeric delivery device was designed and a delivery experiment was performed. The influences of different working and structural parameters on the stuck frequency and cavity rate of litchi were analyzed. Regression and combined models were established. Influencing factors were optimized comprehensively.【Result】Both stuck frequency and cavity rate increased with the rotation speed of big turnable, the cycle length of small turnable and the feeding volume increasing. Both stuck frequency and cavity rate increased firstly and then decreased with the number of holes of big turnable increasing. The cavity rate also increased with the offset coefficient of amplitude of small turnable increasing. The major factor influencing the stuck frequency and cavity rate was the feeding volume, followed by the rotation speed of big turnable, then the offset coefficient of amplitude of small turnable. The optimial parameter combination from the combined regression model was better than those from the orthogonal experiment and the independent regression model. The optimial parameters of the delivery device were as follows： the rotation speed of big turnable was 7.35 r·min^（–1）, the rotation amplitude of small turnable was14.30 r·min^（–1）, the cycle length of small turnable was 16.93 s, the offset coefficient of amplitude of small turnablewas 0.33, the rotation motion of small turnable changed linearly, the feeding volume was 1.31 kg and the number of holes of big turnable was 10. Based on this combination, the stuck frequency was 0 and the cavity rate was 6%.【Conclusion】The results can provide references for the designation of automatic grading and monomeric delivery device of litchi.

关 键 词：荔枝 自动分级 单体排序输送装置 参数优化 卡果次数 空穴率 

分 类 号：S667.1[农业科学—果树学] TP242.6[农业科学—园艺学]