中国公路车-桥耦合振动车辆模型研究  

Study on Vehicle Model for Vehicle-bridge Coupling Vibration of Highway Bridges in China

作　　者：邓露[1] 段林利 何维[2] 冀伟[3] DENG Lu;DUAN Lin-li;HE Wei;JI Wei(Key Laboratory for Wind Engineering and Bridge Engineering of Hunan Province,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,Hunan,China;School of Civil Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,Hunan,China;School of Civil Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学风工程与桥梁工程湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410082 [2]湖南大学土木工程学院,湖南长沙410082 [3]兰州交通大学土木工程学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《中国公路学报》2018年第7期92-100,共9页China Journal of Highway and Transport

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51478176);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(51708269)

摘　　要：为了提出适用于中国车-桥耦合振动分析的车辆动力分析模型,首先基于中国桥梁规范中的设计车辆荷载,结合大量调查统计数据和等效静力分析方法,初步拟定车辆动力分析模型的几何尺寸、质量、刚度、阻尼等参数取值,并与国内外广泛采用的几种车辆模型的参数取值进行对比。接着选取4座钢筋混凝土简支梁桥并建立其三维有限元模型,基于车-桥耦合振动数值模拟分析车辆模型的刚度、阻尼等参数对桥梁上动力冲击系数的影响,并对比几个不同车辆模型对动力冲击系数的影响。最后,选择中国湖南省境内一座实桥和几辆不同轴数的重车开展实桥试验,将实测动力冲击系数与所提车辆模型数值模拟获得的冲击系数进行对比。结果表明:动力冲击系数随车辆总质量的增大而减小,随车辆整体刚度的增大而增大,但随车辆整体阻尼的增大呈先减小后增大的趋势;单个车轴的刚度和阻尼对动力冲击系数的影响不明显;车辆总质量是导致不同车辆模型作用下动力冲击系数差异的主要因素;数值模拟结果与实测结果吻合良好,验证了所提车辆模型及参数取值的合理性;该车辆模型可用于中国的设计车辆荷载作用下桥梁的动力响应分析和相关研究,也可用于估算重量相当的不同类型车辆对桥梁的动力冲击效应。To design an analytical vehicle model for studying vehicle-bridge coupled vibration,based on the design vehicle loads in the Chinese bridge design code and a combination of a large amount of survey data and their equivalent analysis,parameters such as geometric size,mass,stiffness,and damping of the vehicle model were determined.These parameters were compared with the parameters of vehicle models adopted worldwide.Subsequently,four simply supported reinforced-concrete bridges were selected,and finite-element models were established.Based on the numerical simulation of vehicle-bridge coupling vibration,the effects of vehicle parameters,such as stiffness and damping,on the dynamic impact factors of the selected bridges werestudied.The effects of the different vehicle models on the dynamic impact factor were also compared.Finally,field tests were conducted on a real bridge in Hunan province,and several trucks with different numbers of axles were used.The measured dynamic impact factors were compared with the simulated impact factors obtained using the proposed vehicle model.The results show that the dynamic impact factor decreases with increase in gross vehicle weight but increases with increase in the overall stiffness of the vehicle. With the increase in overall damping,the dynamic impact factor first decreases and then increases.In addition,the stiffness or damping of a single axle has a small influence on the impact factor.The gross vehicle weight is the main factor that is attributable for the difference in the impact factor induced by different vehicle models.The simulation results are in good agreement with the test results,indicating the rationality of the proposed vehicle model and its parameters.The proposed vehicle model can be used for numerical simulation of the dynamic response of bridges subjected to design vehicle loads and related research,as well as in the estimation of the dynamic loading effect on bridges subjected to different types of vehicles with similar weight.

关 键 词：桥梁工程 车辆模型 数值模拟 现场试验 冲击系数 

分 类 号：U441.3[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]