如何为基于演化心理学的心智计算理论辩护——平克对心智计算理论的发展及其面临的难题  

Defending the Computational Theory of Mind Based on Evolutionary Psychology:Steven Pinker's Development of the Computational Theory of Mind and Its Problems

作　　者：阮凯[1] RUAN Kai(School of Philosophy,Fudan University,Shanghai,20043)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学哲学学院,上海200433

出　　处：《自然辩证法通讯》2018年第8期28-34,共7页Journal of Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目"基于信息技术哲学的当代认识论研究"(项目编号:15ZDB020)

摘　　要：人工智能研究离不开人类的心智问题的思索,对人类心智、人性、灵魂和肉体关系等问题的探索一直都是每个时代的重要的哲学议题。心智计算理论试图用信息、运算、反馈这些术语来解释心理活动,用一种极具影响力的新理论来统一身心之间的关系、统一物理世界与理念世界。史蒂芬·平克通过引入演化心理学来发展心智计算理论,使其在理论上更加融贯、包容性更强。基于演化心理学的心智计算理论,自提出后遭遇到不少反对与诘难。平克通过对这些诘难的回应,进一步论证了该理论是一个解释力强、有广泛应用前景的理论。对平克基于演化心理学的心智计算理论给予批判性解读,将对于我国人文社会科学研究具有重要的理论启示。Research on AI cannot be separated from the thinking of the human mind. The explorations of human mind, human nature and the relationship between the soul and the body has always been an important philosophical topic in every era. The computational theory of mind attempts to explain the psychological activities in terms of information, calculation and feedback. It tries to unify the relationship between the mind and the body and between the physical world and the ideal world. Stephen Pinker has developed the computational theory of mind by introducing evolutionary psychology, making it theoretically more coherent and more inclusive. He has encountered much opposition and many challenging questions（interrogations） since this proposal was set forth. Pinker＇s response to these interrogations has demonstrated that this theory has strong explanatory power and broad application prospects. Offering a critical interpretation of Pinker＇s theory will have great theoretical inspirations for research in humanities and social sciences in China.

关 键 词：心智本质 心智的模块理论 语言本能 华莱士悖论 还原论 

分 类 号：N0[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]