块茎形成期浇灌稳态铁盐对马铃薯生理和产量的影响  

Effect of Irrigating Steady-state Iron Salts on Potato Physiology and Yield During Tuber Formation Stage

作　　者：唐鑫华[1] 曲自成 张霞 张浩 魏峭嵘[1] 石瑛[1] TANG Xinhua;Qu Zicheng;ZHANG Xia;ZHANG Hao;WEI Qiaorong;SHI Ying(College of Agriculture,Northeast Agrieuhural University,Harbin 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学农学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《中国农业科技导报》2018年第8期7-15,共9页Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-09)资助

摘　　要：为研究铁盐对马铃薯生理和产量的影响及作用机制,在块茎形成期对盆栽种植马铃薯浇灌不同浓度(10μmol/L、100μmol/L、1 000μmol/L)稳态铁盐,测定叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量、叶绿素相对含量、叶绿素荧光动力学参数(PSⅡ最大光化学量子产量Fv/Fm)、单株产量、单株块茎干物质重量和块茎干物质铁含量等。研究表明:施加稳态铁盐能够促进马铃薯生育后期株高生长,提高叶片SOD活性和叶绿素相对含量;铁盐施入初期叶片MDA含量显著升高,而在生育后期显著降低;在铁盐施入初期Fv/Fm显著降低,而生育后期则相反。施加中、低浓度(100μmol/L、10μmol/L)铁盐有利于提高单株产量,100μmol/L铁盐可分别显著提高东农310和东农311单株产量39.6%和37.3%,10μmol/L铁盐可显著提高东农312单株产量37.8%。100μmol/L铁盐可提高单株块茎干物质重量12.4%~31.9%,而高浓度(1 000μmol/L)铁盐则会降低单株块茎干物质重量。施加不同浓度的铁盐均可提高块茎干物质铁含量,中、高浓度(100μmol/L、1 000μmol/L)铁盐作用效果显著。In order to study the effect of iron salts on potato physiology and yield and its mechanism of action,this study irrigated different concentrations of steady-state iron salts（ 10 μmol/L,100 μmol/L,1 000 μmol/L） on potted potatoes at tuber formation stage,and then measured SOD activity,MDA content,relative content of chlorophyll,chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics parameters（ maximal photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ Fv/Fm）,single plant yield,dry matter weight of per tuber and iron content of tuber dry matter,etc.. The results showed that applying steady-state iron salts could promote plant height growth in potato late growth stage,and increase SOD activity in leaf and relative chlorophyll content. At the initial stage of applying iron salt,the MDA content in leaf was significantly increased and significantly decreased at the later development stage. Fv/Fmwas significantly decreased in early applying stage,while it was opposite at the later stage. Applying middle and low concentrations（ 100 μmol/L,10 μmol/L） of iron salts were favorable for improving single plant yield. The 100 μmol/L iron salt could significantly increase the single plant yield of Dongnong 310 and Dongnong 311 by 39.6% and 37.3%,respectively. The 10 μmol/L iron salt could significantly increase the single plant yield of Dongnong 312 by 37. 8%. 100 μmol/L iron salt could increase the tubers dry matter of single plant by 12.4% ~ 31.9%,While,high concentration of iron salt（ 1 000 μmol/L） could decrease the tubers dry matter of single plant. Applying different concentrations of iron salts could increase iron content in dry matter of tubers,and the effects of applying medium and high concentrations（ 100 μmol/L,1 000μmol/L） were significant.

关 键 词：马铃薯 铁盐 单株产量 叶绿素荧光动力学参数 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]