基于多线结构光视觉的钢轨波磨动态测量方法  

Rail corrugation dynamic measurement method based on multi-line structured-light vision

作　　者：马子骥[1] 董艳茹 刘宏立[1] 周冰航[1] 李艳福[1] Ma Ziji;Dong Yanru;Liu Hongli;Zhou Binghang;Li Yanfu(College of Electrical and Information Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学电气与信息工程学院

出　　处：《仪器仪表学报》2018年第6期189-197,共9页Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument

基　　金：中央国有资本经营预算(财企[2013]470号);国家自然科学基金(61771191);湖南省科技计划重点项目(2015JC3053);湖南省自然科学基金(2017JJ2052);教育部产学合作协同育人(201601004010,201701056026);湖南省普通高校教学改革研究(湘教通[2016]400号);湖南省研究生创新项目(CX2017B112)资助

摘　　要：高精度的钢轨波磨动态检测技术对于保证铁路运输安全和轨道维护至关重要。针对测量中车体振动引起的现有波磨检测方法精度较低的问题,提出一种基于多线结构光视觉的钢轨波磨测量方法。首先,利用多个测量轮廓的轨颚点连线平行于轨道纵向的特点来构建垂直于轨道纵向的辅助平面,将测量轮廓投影到该辅助面上进行失真校准;然后,通过分层的轮廓配准与参考轮廓逐步准确对齐;最后,利用轨腰圆弧圆心距波磨测点沿轨距方向的距离为固定值的特点来精确定位该测点,并将两者垂直方向上的距离作为该断面的波磨值。实验结果表明,方法能有效抑制车体振动对测量数据的影响,为多线结构光技术在钢轨波磨高精度动态检测中的应用提供了新的思路和技术参考。High-precision dynamic rail corrugation measurement is critical to guarantee transport security and guide rail maintenance.Due to the random vibration,the onboard system in the current measurement method has lower precision. Thus,a novel rail corrugation measurement method based on multi-line structured-light vision is proposed in this paper. Firstly,we establish an auxiliary plane perpendicular to the rail longitudinal direction using the characteristics that the line between rail jaw points of several measurement profiles is parallel to the longitudinal direction,and we project measurement profiles to the auxiliary plane to calibrate profile distortion.Then,we accurately and gradually align the measurement profiles with reference profile through the hierarchical registration. Finally,the point of corrugation measurement is precisely located by using the fixed distance along the crosstie direction from it to the center of the arc in rail waist area,and the vertical distance between two points is regarded as the corrugation value of this section. The experimental results show the influence of vibration on the measurement data can be inhibited effectively by the proposed method. This work can provide a new idea and technical reference for the application of multi-line structured-light technique in the high-precision dynamic rail corrugation measurement.

关 键 词：钢轨波磨 多线结构光视觉 车体振动 轮廓投影 分层配准 

分 类 号：U216.3[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]