企业创新发展过程中的企业家角色转换——以联想为例  

Transformation of an Entrepreneur's Role in the Process of an Enterprise's Innovation Development:A Case Study of Lenovo Group

作　　者：陈同扬[1] 马红伟[1] 李辉[1] CHEN Tong-yang;MA Hong-wei;LI Hui(School of Economics ＆ Management,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing 211800,China)

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学经济与管理学院,南京211816

出　　处：《管理案例研究与评论》2018年第3期252-264,共13页Journal of Management Case Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"国家创新视角下的‘中国式企业创新’现象;特征及其牵引机制研究"(14BGL068)

摘　　要：中国企业的创新发展推动了整体经济的快速崛起,现正面临结构调整和转型升级,需要对中国企业创新发展特征进行归纳和总结。联想作为市场化发展程度高、全面走向国际化经营早、企业家传承计划执行平稳的企业之一,得到了中外学者的关注。本文以联想为案例,基于生命周期理论,剖析它创新发展的阶段性特征,以及各阶段中企业家扮演的战略引领角色。研究发现,伴随时代发展,中国企业创新发展呈现出"政策—市场—企业"耦合互动的路径依赖特征;中国企业多以组合递进式的创新形态,推动企业以螺旋式向上发展,相应的企业家在企业同一生命周期多表现为以一种角色为主、多种角色相辅的特征;中国企业家在企业创新发展过程中与产品、市场关系最为密切,且其创新方式呈现出以需求为导向快速接轨市场的典型特征;中国企业家在企业创新发展中多扮演着战略型企业家的角色;中国企业家在企业创新发展的过程中主要承担着市场型、技术型、战略型和职能型的角色,而企业家角色通过企业家领导行为诱引企业生命周期转换,推动企业创新发展,其中企业家领导行为又受到高管特质和企业管理情境等因素的影响。The innovation and development of Chinese enterprises have promoted the rapid rise of the country＇s whole economy.With the structural adjustment and transformation of economy and the industrial upgrading,it is necessary to summarize the innovation and development characteristics of Chinese enterprises.With a high degree of market development and as one of the earliest comprehensive international businesses under smooth implementation of the entrepreneur replacement plan,Lenovo has been paid attention by the Chinese and foreign scholars.Based on life-cycle theory of enterprises,the present study analyzes the features of Lenovo＇s innovation,development and the strategies at different stages,in which entrepreneurs play important roles.We find that the innovation of Chinese enterprises present a path dependence on the＂policy-marketenterprise＂coupling with the enterprises＇ development at different stages.Chinese enterprises have adopted the combination of progressive and innovative forms to promote their innovation development,and they play multiple roles at different life cycles of the enterprises＇ development,which are most closely related to the innovation and development process of the enterprise＇s products and markets,thus being demand-oriented.Chinese enterprises also show more commitment to the market,technology,strategy and functions in the process of innovation and development.The roles of entrepreneurs are to promote the innovation development of the enterprise through entrepreneurial behaviors which are associated with the characteristics of the top management and the context of the business management.

关 键 词：企业创新发展特征 企业家角色 生命周期阶段 案例研究 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]