同伴互动中的校园欺凌及其过程研究  

Research on Bullying and the Process with Peer Interaction

作　　者：宋雁慧[1] 孛志君 陈泽 Song Yan-hui;Bo Zhi-jun;Chen Ze

机构地区：[1]中国青年政治学院青少年工作系

出　　处：《社会建设》2018年第3期32-41,共10页Social Construction

基　　金：2017年北京市社会科学基金项目"群体性女生欺凌的过程分析及防治研究"(项目编号:17JYC028)

摘　　要：班级是个体行为形成和发展的重要社会生态环境,班级中的同伴互动影响着校园欺凌及其发生过程。本文以北京市某职业高中A班学生为研究对象,通过参与式观察、问卷调查以及访谈等研究方法,从静态和动态两个视角呈现班级结构与欺凌行为的相互关系以及欺凌行为得以产生和持续的整个过程。研究发现:A班的欺凌是"圈子对个体"的模式,欺凌者处于同伴关系的核心位置,并形成了欺凌"小圈子";受欺凌者的同伴关系较弱,缺乏有效的同伴支持系统。欺凌关系的形成是欺凌者与受欺凌者在所在班级环境下长期互动的结果,受欺凌者的反应方式和效果影响了欺凌关系的存续。一般来说,欺凌行为主体之间经过了"试探"—"恶意攻击"—"身体攻击"—"终止或持续"四个阶段。最后本文试图通过"互动模型图"呈现出同伴关系、班级结构和欺凌行为三者之间的关系及其相互影响的过程。The class is an important social ecological environment for the formation and development of individual behaviors. Peer interaction in the class affects the bullying and how it happens. This article takes the class A of a vocational high school in Beijing as the research object, through the participation of observation, questionnaires and interviews and other research methods, from the static and dynamic perspectives to show the relationship between class structure and bullying behavior and the whole process of bullying behavior being generated and sustained. The study found that： the bullying in class A is a ＂clique vs. individual＂ pattern. The bullies are at the core of peer relationships and form a ＂small clique＂ of bullying; the bullied person＇s peer relationships are weak and lack of effective peer support system. The formation of a bullying relationship is the result of long-term interaction between the bullies and the bullied person in the class environment. The reaction mode and result of the bullied person influence the existence and continuation of the bullying relationship. In general, there are four stages of bullying： ＂tentative＂-＂malicious attack＂-＂physical attack＂-＂termination or continuation＂. Finally, it tries to present the relationship among peer relation, class structure and bullying behavior and the process of interaction with each other through the ＂interactive model map＂.

关 键 词：同伴群体 同伴互动 班级结构 欺凌行为 

分 类 号：G717[文化科学—职业技术教育学]