美国发展农村学前教育的经验及启示  

The Experience and Enlightenment of Developing Rural Preschool Education in the United States

作　　者：李文娜[1] 严仲连[1] LI Wenna;YAN Zhonglian(Northeast Normal University,Changchun,Jilin 130024,China)

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学,吉林长春130024

出　　处：《现代教育科学》2018年第8期140-144,156,共6页Modern Education Science

摘　　要：美国不断关注农村儿童健康发展的需要,对学前教育重要价值和意义的积极认识以及对学前补偿教育的重视构成了美国发展农村学前教育的基本背景。美国农村学前教育机构的形式多种多样,主要有中心学前教育机构,专门的4岁班幼儿园、季节性的儿童保育机构以及依靠家庭开设的家庭日托中心。完善的法规建设、充足的资金投入、社会组织的巨大影响和高质量的教师队伍是美国发展农村学前教育的经验。借鉴美国的经验,我国农村学前教育的发展可采取树立正确观念、加大财政投入、开展多样化的农村学前教育模式,优化师资队伍等策略。The needs of the development of the rural children health,positive recognition of the important value and significance of preschool education and the emphasis placed by the State on pre-school compensation education constitute the basic background for the development of preschool education in rural areas in the United States. There are various forms of pre-school institutions in rural areas in the United States,including preprimary institutions of preschool education,specialized 4-year-old kindergartens,seasonal childcare facilities,and family-owned daycare centers. Sound laws and regulations,adequate capital investment,great influence of social organizations and high-quality teachers are the experience of the United States in developing rural preschool education. Learning from the experience of the United States,the development of preschool education in rural areas of our country can adopt such strategies as establishing a correct concept,increasing financial input,carrying out diversified rural preschool education modes and optimizing the teaching staff.

关 键 词：美国农村学前教育 资金投入 社会组织 教师质量 

分 类 号：G53[文化科学—教育学] G57[文化科学—教育技术学]