老年抑郁症状相关因素的城乡比较  

Urban-rural comparison on the risk factors of geriatric depressive symptoms

作　　者：孔宪焜 肖巧玲 李娟[1] KONG Xiankun;XIAO Qiaoling;LI Juan(Institute of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China 2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院心理研究所心理健康重点实验室,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100101

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2018年第8期648-655,共8页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31671157;31271108;31470998);北京市科学技术委员会资助(Z171100000117006);中国科学院"率先行动"计划特色研究所项目(TSS-2015-06);中国科学院心理健康重点实验室(中国科学院心理研究所)经费(KLMH2014ZG03);国家科技支撑计划(2009BAI77B03);国家重点研发计划(2016YFC1305904)

摘　　要：目的:探讨老年抑郁症状的发生情况及其相关因素的城乡差异,为抑郁干预提供理论依据。方法:在安徽省蚌埠市取样,选取≥60岁常住老年人599人,其中城市388人、农村211人,使用简版流调中心抑郁量表(CESD10,得分≥10分为有抑郁症状)、自编老年抑郁症状相关因素调查问卷(包括人口学特征、经济状况、躯体情况和生活方式4个方面)进行调查。结果:城市的老年抑郁症状发生率低于农村(17.5%vs.37.4%,P<0.001)。女性、居住满意度一般、贫穷、身体健康自评差、既往病史多、日常行为能力差、社会活动少是城市老年抑郁症状发生的危险因素(OR=3.24、2.82、7.13、4.61、4.08、3.88、3.04);居住满意度一般、贫穷、身体健康自评差、生活自理能力差是农村老年抑郁症状发生的危险因素(OR=3.66、11.23、4.72、3.25)。结论:蚌埠地区老年人的抑郁症状存在着城乡差异,农村老年人的抑郁症状的发生率更高,而城市老年人抑郁症状的相关因素更复杂。Objective： To investigate the differences in prevalence and risk factors associated geriatric depressive symptoms between urban and rural elderly. Methods： A total of 599 participants （388 urban and 211 rural elderly residents in Bengbu） aged 60 years and older were assessed for depressive symptoms by the 10-item short form of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale （CESD10,with a cutoff score of ≥10）.Factors associated with depressive symptoms were examined by self-made questionnaires about demographic characteristics,economics,physical condition,life style. Results： The rates of depressive symptoms were significantly lower in urban when compared to the rural area （17.5% vs.37.4%, P 〈0.001）.Being female,general satisfaction with living arrangement,poorer economic conditions,worse self-rated physical health,more past illnesses,poorer daily behavior,less social activities were the risk factors of depressive symptoms among urban elderly （ OR =3.24,2.82,7.12,4.61,4.08,3.88,3.04）,while general satisfaction with living arrangement,poorer economic conditions,worse self-rated physical health,poorer self-care ability were the risk factors of depressive symptoms among rural elderly （ OR =3.66,11.23,4.72,3.25）. Conclusion： There are differences between urban and rural areas in depressive symptoms of elderly people in Bengbu region.Rural elderly have higher prevalence of depressive symptoms,while more risks factors associated with depressive symptoms happen to urban elderly.

关 键 词：抑郁症状 老年人 城乡比较 发生率 相关因素 

分 类 号：R749.41[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]