问道叩玄篇 妙唱发幽情——论何光顺《玄响寻踪:魏晋玄言诗研究》的玄言诗学建构  

On the Construction of Metaphysical Poetics——Take A Sound of Metaphysics: A Study about Metaphysical Poetry of Wei and Jin Dynasties by HE Guangshun as the Example

作　　者：王利锁[1] WANG Lisuo(Literature School,Henan Universit)

机构地区：[1]河南大学文学院

出　　处：《河南教育学院学报（哲学社会科学版）》2018年第4期93-98,共6页Journal of Henan Institute of Education(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：何光顺《玄响寻踪:魏晋玄言诗研究》是中古文学和诗学研究的一部重要著作。此前,魏晋玄言诗研究着重关注语言、修辞、文体问题,将玄言诗看作一种消极文学现象或部分肯定,或认为受门阀士族影响有一定积极意义等。何著首次明确提出魏晋三极政治文化结构(皇家-世族-平民鼎立)相较于秦汉两极政治文化结构(皇权与平民结盟)所带来的对于文学风貌和诗学精神的重大影响,充分肯定以世族文化为其生存条件所催生的魏晋玄言诗实际上体现着世族名士和玄言诗人注重自由与超脱的人生境界,提出魏晋玄言诗具有得意忘言与辨名析理的思维方式。何著承继易学通感思维与非易学逻辑思辨的玄学思维,在与传统抒情诗学和异域佛教诗学比较的基础上,建构出魏晋玄言诗学,认为谢灵运山水诗、陶渊明田园诗、东晋后僧侣诗都渗透着玄言诗的精神气质,只是在两极政治文化结构恢复过程中,世族名士与玄言诗人失去其生存条件与接受土壤,而后渐趋衰落。玄言诗体与玄学精神的没落,标志着中国自由知识阶层的衰败。中国的社会经济与政治文化结构亦未曾为这样一个阶层的出现准备好足够条件,这也是魏晋名士风流成为后世难以超越的人格范本的重要根源所在。A Sound of Metaphysics ： A Study about Metaphysical Poetry of Wei and Jin Dynasties written by HE Guangshun is an important work in the study of traditional Chinese literature and poetics. Before then, the study of metaphysical poetry in the Wei-Jin period focused on language, rhetoric and stylistics. Furthermore, people in that period considered metaphysical poetry as a kind of negative literature phenomenon or not completely deny. Meanwhile, they thought it has positive significance to be influenced by the hereditary nobility It is the first time that HE clearly put torward the Wei-Jin＇ s three political cultural structure（ Royal elections- Garrison-Civilians） which has great influence on literary style and poetic spirit, comparing with the political and cultural structure of the Qin and Han dynasties （the alliance between the imperial power and the civilians）. Besides, he fully recognized that the metaphysical poetry in the Wei-Jin period which was born out of the living conditions of garrison culture embodies the garrison celebrities and the metaphysical poets pay attention to freedom and beyond the realm of lite. Moreover, he put forward that metaphysical poetry in the Wei-Jin period has the way of thinking which inherits the thinking of easy learning synaesthesia and the thinking of non-learning logic. And on the basis of comparing with the traditional lyric poetics and the tbreign Buddhist poetics, HE constructed the metaphysical poetics of Wei and Jin dynasties. In HE＇ s opinion, XlE Lingyun＇ s landscape poems, TAO Yuanming＇ s pastoral poems, and the monk poetry of the Eastern Jin dynasty permeate the ethos of poems. Only at the political and cultural structure in recovery, garrison celebrities and the meta- physical poets lose their living conditions and soil, and then gradually decline. The decline of the verse and the metaphysical spirit marked the decline of liberal intelligentsia in China. As Chinese social economy and political cultural structure haven＇ t get ready tor the emerge

关 键 词：何光顺 《玄响寻踪:魏晋玄言诗研究》 世族文化 玄言诗 玄言诗学 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学]