思维发展基础上的少数民族学前幼儿汉语听说能力培养探析  

Cultivating Ethnic Preschool Children's Chinese Listening and Speaking Abilities on the Basis of Their Thinking Development Characteristics

作　　者：田睿 赵晓非[2] 吴瑞林[3] 张君 TIAN Rui;ZHAO Xiao-fei;WU Rui-lin;ZHANG Jun(Comprehensive Editorial Department,Nankai University Press,Tianjin,300071;Chinese as a Second Language Department,People＇s Education Press,Beijing,100081;School of Humanities and Social Sciences,Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Beijing 100191)

机构地区：[1]南开大学出版社综合编辑室,天津300071 [2]人民教育出版社汉语编辑室,北京100081 [3]北京航空航天大学人文社会科学学院,100191

出　　处：《民族教育研究》2018年第4期77-82,共6页Journal of Research on Education for Ethnic Minorities

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学一般项目"少数民族学前幼儿汉语能力标准及测评方式研究"(项目编号:BMA13011)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：汉语能力尤其是汉语听说能力是少数民族学前幼儿学习与发展的重要方面,面对当前幼儿整体汉语水平不高的现状,有效的培养方式亟待建立。根据心理语言学思维与语言发展双向作用的理论,少数民族学前幼儿汉语听说能力的培养应重视幼儿思维发展特征的基础性作用。本文结合幼儿汉语能力测评的结果,通过对幼儿思维具体形象性特点的分析,提出了对少数民族学前幼儿听说能力培养的策略建议。在"听"的能力培养方面,认为应通过加大输入量和采用故事听读方式建立听觉形象与意义的联结;在"说"的能力培养方面,借鉴言辞逻辑理论和相关幼儿语言能力标准的研究成果,认为叙述类和描述说明类的表达与幼儿思维特点具有一致性,应作为提高幼儿汉语"说"的能力的重点。Chinese language abilities,especially listening and speaking abilities,are very important for the learning and development of ethnic preschool children. Because of their overall low level of Chinese ability,it is necessary to explore effective training methods. According to anthropological theory of bidirectional interaction of thinking and language development,in training their Chinese listening and speaking abilities,attention should be paid to their thinking development characteristics. Based on the results of their Chinese ability assessment and the analysis of their concrete image thinking characteristics,this paper puts forward some suggestions for the training of their Chinese listening and speaking abilities. By increasing the amount of language input and paying attention to the listening training in reading,the connection between the auditory image and the meaning could be established effectively. Based on the logic theory about language expression and the related standards of children ＇s language ability,Chinese speaking ability training should focus on narrative and descriptive verbal activities.

关 键 词：少数民族学前幼儿 汉语听说能力 具体形象思维 语言能力标准 培养策略 

分 类 号：G758.1[文化科学—教育学]