重庆市青少年吸烟行为与感觉寻求冲动性的关系  

Adolescent smoking behavior and its relationship with sensation seeking and impulsivity

作　　者：胡春梅[1] 王蕾[1] HU Chunmei;WANG Lei(Laborato-ry of Emotion and Mental Health,Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences,Chongqing（402160）,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆文理学院情绪和心理健康实验室,重庆402160

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2018年第8期1179-1181,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(31600917);重庆市教育科学"十三五"规划课题项目(2017-GX-133)

摘　　要：目的了解青少年吸烟行为与感觉寻求、冲动性的关系,为预防和降低吸烟行为提供参考。方法采用方便抽样方法,在重庆市某区选取初中、高中和大学各1所。在初中及高中采取整群抽样方法抽取所有在校生,在大学采取随机整群抽样方法,共抽取4 235名青少年完成吸烟行为问卷、冲动性和感觉寻求量表。结果青少年吸烟率为13.2%;不同性别、生源地、父母文化水平、学段的青少年吸烟率差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为161.93,24.76,24.50,13.73,P值均<0.01)。不同吸烟情况、性别、生源地青少年的感觉寻求(Z值分别为-13.47,-2.85,-3.62,P值均<0.01)和冲动性(Z值分别为-8.21,-4.72,-2.94,P值均<0.01)得分差异均有统计学意义,吸烟、男生、城市青少年2种特质得分均高于相应组;不同父母文化水平青少年的感觉寻求得分差异有统计学意义(Z=-2.86,P<0.01);不同学段青少年的冲动性得分差异有统计学意义(H=51.03,P<0.01)。青少年吸烟行为与感觉寻求、冲动性之间均呈正相关(r值分别为0.22,0.13,P值均<0.01);感觉寻求(OR=1.229,95%CI=1.182~1.278)、冲动性(OR=1.057,95%CI=1.001~1.117)能够影响青少年吸烟。结论学校应结合青少年感觉寻求和冲动性的特点进行吸烟行为预防和干预。Objective To investigate relationship between smoking with sensation seeking and impulsivity of adolescent,and to provide advice for smoking prevention during adolescence. Methods Totally 4 235 adolescents were selected to complete Cigarettes Use Questionnaire and Impulsivity and Sensation Seeking Scale. Results Adolescent＇ s smoking prevalence was 13.2%;the prevalence differed in gender, residence, parental education level and school level（ P〈0.01）, being boy, urban area, parental education lower than junior college and those in middle schools reported higher rate of smoking. Sensation seeking and impulsivity scored higher among boys, urban students and those who smoked（ Z = 13.47, 2.85, 3.62,P〈0.01）. Higher parental education（ ≥bachelor degree） correlated with higher sensation seeking. Impulsivity score among college student was significantly lower than middle school students（ H = 51.03,P〈0.01）. Positive correlations were found between smoking behavior with sensation seeking and impulsivity（ r = 0.22,0.13,P〈0.01）. Sensation seeking（ OR = 1.229, 95% CI = 1.182-1.278） and impulsivity（ OR = 1.057, 95% CI =1.001-1.117） confer greater risk of smoking behavior. Conclusion Consideration of sensation seeking and impulsivity during adolescence might help tobacco use prevention and intervention.

关 键 词：吸烟 青少年 冲动行为 感觉 

分 类 号：G455[文化科学—教育学] R193[文化科学—教育技术学]