巴赫金对索绪尔“语言观”的挑战与发展  

Bakhtin's Challenge to and Development of Saussurian Philosophy of Language

作　　者：蔡洪[1] 吴文[1] CAI Hong;WU Wen(School of Foreign Languages,Yangtze Normal University,Chongqing 408100,China)

机构地区：[1]长江师范学院外国语学院,重庆408100

出　　处：《浙江外国语学院学报》2018年第4期1-7,共7页Journal of Zhejiang International Studies University

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(18YJAZH098)

摘　　要：索绪尔认为语言是"存在"而非"变化"的,因此他把语言看作语言学研究的中心,且强调语言对于言语的限制作用。然而,巴赫金的语言哲学观彻底否定了索绪尔提倡的语言与言语的主客位置,选择以人与人互动情境中的"话语"为分析的起点,解释与探索在语言意义产生的过程中语言与人的关系。因此,巴赫金将索绪尔语言哲学的"语言观"发展为"话语观"。Saussure regarded language as a sign, which means that language is a status of ＂being＂ rather than ＂becoming＂. So he focused on langue, not on parole. Bakhtin challenged Saussure＇s philosophy of language by drawing on ＂dialogism＂ to analyze how to construct the inner sociality and dialogicity of ＂utterance＂. According to Bakhtin, the question of ＂Where is meaning deriving from？＂ can be explained by the relationship between language and a human being in the language process. As a result, Bakhtin extended Saussure＇ s philosophy of language in semiology to utterance.

关 键 词：巴赫金 索绪尔 话语 语言观 

分 类 号：H043[语言文字—语言学]