阳明学的“良知”与“知识”之辨——再论“颜子没而圣学亡”  

On Innate Knowledge and Knowledge in Yangming School——Re-discussion on “Sacred Learning Ended with the Death of Yanzi”

作　　者：申绪璐 

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学政治与社会学院

出　　处：《浙江社会科学》2018年第9期116-122,115,共8页Zhejiang Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目"多卷本<宋明理学史新编>"(17ZDA013)的阶段性成果;浙江省"之江青年社科学者"行动计划支持

摘　　要："颜子没而圣学亡"的命题,王阳明提出之后旋即引起争议。王畿继承阳明的思想,继续发展论证该说。除该命题所蕴含的"心学道统论"独立、开放的意义之外,从良知与知识的角度,王阳明与王畿师徒二人以此命题反对后世流传的以子贡为代表的外向闻见之学,并进一步强调颜子先天之学的重要性。王畿的思想中,外在的知识不同于内在的良知,但知识本身又是良知发用的一部分。一方面,王畿担心外在闻见对于良知发见的遮蔽,另一方面王畿也认为在良知的主导下,可以实现转识成知的默识。"Sacred Learning Ended with the Death of Yanzi"had raised questions in Yangming School,and his disciple Wang Ji inherited and developed this thought furtherly.Professor Wu Zhen had argued it and pointed out the meaning of independence and openness in Xinxue Orthodoxy.This paper will argue it from the point of Innate Knowledge and outer Knowledge,and figure out that Wang Yangming and Wang Ji raised the words to oppose the approach of studying outer knowledge,which was originated from Zigong,and to emphasize the learning of a priori,which was originated from Yanzi.This paper will argue that in the thought of Wang Ji,the outer knowledge is different from Innate Knowledge,however originated from it.On one hand,the outer knowledge would interference the incarnating of Innate Knowledge;On the other hand,the outer knowledge would be a part of the incarnating of Innate Knowledge,only if Innate Knowledge was dominated.

关 键 词：阳明学 颜子 子贡 良知 知识 

分 类 号：B248.2[哲学宗教—中国哲学]