吕梁山乳菇属常见物种的分子鉴定及资源评价  

Molecular Identification and Resource Evaluation of Common Species of Lactarius in Lüliang Mountain of Shanxi Province

作　　者：刘虹[1] 李素玲[1] 董淑英 杨杰[1] 许晶[1] 郭福贵[3] LIU Hong;LI Suling;DONG Shuying;YANG Jie;XU Jing;GUO Fugui(Institute of Edible Fungi,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taiyuan 030031,China;Xinzhou Scienceand Technology Bureau,Xinzhou 034000,China;Ningwu Agricultural Committee,Ningwu 036700,China)

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院食用菌研究所,山西太原030031 [2]忻州市科技局,山西忻州034000 [3]宁武县农业委员会,山西宁武036700

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2018年第10期1699-1704,共6页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省农业科学院生物育种工程项目(17yzgc116)

摘　　要：乳菇属(Lactarius)是一类具有重要经济和生态价值的野生大型真菌资源。为了给山西该类群物种资源的科学研究和开发奠定理论基础,首次采用基于ITS-DNA片段的分子方法并结合形态学特征,对分布于山西吕梁山针叶林内的乳菇属常见物种进行了研究。结果确认了4个常见物种,即松乳菇Lactarius deliciosus、云杉乳菇Lactarius deterrimus、窝柄黄乳菇Lactarius scrobiculatus和毛头乳菇Lactarius torminosus,其中,云杉乳菇为山西省首次记录;这4种乳菇物种在吕梁山地区针叶林内表现出明显的与寄主树种专一性对应关系,即松乳菇只发现生长在油松林内,云杉乳菇和窝柄黄乳菇限制在云杉林内,而毛头乳菇则出现在落叶松桦木混交林内;松乳菇和云杉乳菇是国际野生食用菌市场重要的贸易品种,这2个物种在吕梁山地区针叶林内分布广、产量大,是重要的森林资源之一,应列为山西省优先研究和开发的菌根营养型名贵食用菌品种。Lactarius isa kind of wild large fungus resources with important economic and ecological value. To laya theoreticalfoundation for the scientific research and development of the species resources of this group in Shanxi province, the common species ofLactarius distributed in the coniferous forest ofLuliang mountain in Shanxi province were studied for the first time by using molecularmethods based on ITS-DNA fragments and combining with morphological characteristics. Lactarius deliciosus, Lactarius deterrimus,Lactarius scrobiculatus, Lactarius torminosus common species were identified. Among them, Lactarius deterrimus was the first record inShanxi province. The four species of Lactarius edodes in coniferous forests inLuliang mountains showed obvious specificitycorrespondence with host species： Lactarius deliciosus was found only in Pinus tabulaeformis forest, Lactarius deterrimus and Lactariusscrobiculatus were confined to spruce forest, while Lactarius torminosus was found in Larix gmelini birch mixed forest. Lactariusdeliciosus and Lactarius deterrimus were important trade varieties in the international wild edible fungi market. These two species werewidely distributed and their yield were big, which were one of the important forest resources, and they should be listed as the mostimportant mycorrhizal and edible mushroom species in Shanxi province.

关 键 词：乳菇属 蘑菇 食用菌 中国 山西 

分 类 号：S646[农业科学—蔬菜学]