明前期士大夫的医学化与医、儒互动  

The Medicalization of the Scholar-bureaucrat and the Interaction Between Medicalization and Confucianization in the Early Ming Dynasty

作　　者：王涛锴 

机构地区：[1]河南大学历史文化学院,河南开封475001 [2]河南科技学院旅游系,河南新乡453003

出　　处：《福建师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2018年第5期118-132,共15页Journal of Fujian Normal University:Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金面上项目"明代医案研究"(2015M572099);河南省社会科学规划项目"明代河南医学研究"(2016CLS024)

摘　　要："宋元明变迁"和"医学化"是探寻医、士关系的重要路径。承宋元余绪,明前期士大夫对医学相当关注,现存文献亦有大量涉医内容。从医、病关系而言,士大夫具有代言人和病人的双重角色,既对医生的治疗技艺进行宣扬,也对医疗信息不足及择医等问题表示担忧。士大夫和医生交往中还有显著的文化交游行为,士大夫以其儒家立场对医德伦理进行塑造。而在医学传承上,受理学道统观影响,士大夫不仅构建出金元医学的学统和谱系,同时直接参与医经、方书等具体知识的编纂与流传。由宋以后历史变迁来看,士大夫和医学在制度、观念及利益问题上既竞争又融合,两者关系在本质上是儒化、医学化的博弈。The Scholar-bureaucrat paid close attention to medicine in the early Ming Dynasty,and there were a large number of medical articles in their works.From the perspective of the relationship between doctors and patients,the Scholar had the dual role of the patients'spokesmen and the patients.Therefore,they highly praised the doctor's skills,and worried about the lack of medical information.Then,they reshaped the medical ethics in their standpoints as Confucian.The Scholar created medical traditions in the way of the Neo-Confucianism,and spread medical knowledge extensively.The article argued that the contest of Confucianization and Medicalization had profound influence on the relationship between doctors and scholars in many fields.

关 键 词：明前期 医、士关系 儒化 医学化 

分 类 号：R-09[医药卫生]