智能数字化技术对德国职业和职业教育的影响——基于劳动市场的分析  

Effects of Intelligent Digitalization on Vocations and TVET in German——From the Perspective of Work Market Analysis

作　　者：郑建萍[1] ZHENG Jianping(Institute of vocational Education,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804)

机构地区：[1]同济大学职业技术教育学院,上海201804

出　　处：《比较教育研究》2018年第10期97-105,共9页International and Comparative Education

基　　金：2017度全国教育科学规划教育部重点项目"面向新工业革命的技能型人力资本培育研究"(项目编号:DJA170326)研究成果

摘　　要：德国各界基于不同数据、聚焦工作任务类型分析了智能数字化技术对德国职业及劳动市场的影响,从方法和内容层面深化了已有研究:不同职业分类和数据基础对结果有明显影响;工作任务类型的组合性比常规性任务的占比更具有衡量意义;德国并未出现工作岗位总量减少和就业极化,但产业结构调整和个人工作转换频率加快,总体表现为注重不同阶段技术存续的升级模式。德国中等职业教育体系成功应对了1980年以来的技术变迁,反而是资格供给高移和职业教育接受者的工作困境对其构成的挑战更大。德国案例表明,现代职业教育体系需基于全面的制度建设和系统的科学研究,支持个人、产业和社会的可持续发展。The impact on substitution of vocations by Intelligent Digitalization in Germany was analyzed with the Task-Based-Approach, based on different databases, which enriched the existed researches： different Vocational Code System and Databases affected analytical results clearly; the mixture of different kind of tasks was more important than the percentage of routine tasks themselves. The polarization risk on the work market in Germany did not exist, but structure shift and workplace change were faster and more frequently than before. An upgrading model with a mixture of technology from different stages was identified. The German TVET System coped successfully with the technological change since 1980 s, while the qualification inflation with the academic wave and bad working conditions of skilled workers built nowadays more serious challenges for TVET System. The German case illustrated that a modern TVTE System should support the sustainable development of individuals, industries and society through complete institution and systematical researches.

关 键 词：德国 智能数字化 学术化浪潮 现代职业教育体系 

分 类 号：G719.516[文化科学—职业技术教育学]