济南市售海蟹主要污染元素监测分析及评价  

Main pollution element in commercial sea crab,Jinan

作　　者：刘素华[1] 焦海涛[1] 孙延斌[2] 张鑫[1] 杨晓倩[1] 曹小丽[1] 钟庆[2] LIU Su-hua;JIAO Hai-tao;SUN Yan-bin;ZHANG Xin;YANG Xiao-qian;CAO Xiao-li;ZHONG Qing(Department of Physical and Chemical Inspection,Jinan Center for Disease and Prevention,Jinan,Shandong 250021,China)

机构地区：[1]济南市疾病预防控制中心理化检验所,山东济南250021 [2]济南市疾病预防控制中心食品安全风险监测所,山东济南250021

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2018年第19期3617-3620,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：济南市卫生和计划生育委员会科技计划项目(2016-1-59)

摘　　要：目的了解济南市售海蟹中元素污染物含量分布特征,评价其污染状况及程度。方法采集市售海蟹50份,处理样品后,用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪和原子荧光形态分析仪分别测定铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、总砷(总As)、总汞(总Hg)、无机砷(无机As)含量,根据《食品安全国家标准食品中污染物限量标准》对其含量进行分析评价,用单因子污染指数法和尼梅罗综合污染指数法对其污染程度进行分级评价。结果蟹肉元素检出率由高到低的顺序是Pb、Cd、总As(均为100%)>总Hg(45. 9%)>无机As(4. 1%),蟹黄或蟹膏元素检出率Pb、Cd、总As(均为100%)>总Hg(69. 4%),无机As未检出,超标率蟹黄中Cd(54. 1%)>蟹肉中Cd (14. 3%)>蟹黄中Pb(2. 7%)。蟹黄镉单因子污染指数PCd=3. 56,尼梅罗综合污染指数P综=2. 67,属重度污染,蟹肉PCd=0. 56,P综=0. 43,污染物含量在安全范围内。结论济南市售海蟹的蟹肉元素含量在安全范围内,蟹黄中Cd属重度污染,存在一定安全风险,应谨慎食用。Objective To study the distribution characteristics of the content of elemental pollutants in commercial sea crabs in Jinan, and to assess condition and degree of its contamination. Methods The contents of Pb, Cd, total - As, total - Hg and inorganic- As were detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer （ICP - MS）, and atomic fluorescence spectrometry speciation analyzer （AFSA） after 50 samples were collected and processed. According to the limits of national food safety standards, the contents were analyzed, and the pollution degree was evaluated by single factor pollution index method and Nemerow comprehensive pollution index method. Results The detection rates of crab meat from high to low were Pb, Cd, total - As （ 100% ）, total - Hg （45.9%） and inorganic - As （4.1% ）. The detection rates of crab ovary and crab cream were Pb, Cd, total - As （ 100% ）, total - Hg （69.4%）, and inorganic - As was not detected. The exceeding standard rates from high to low were Cd of crab ovary （54.1%）, Cd of crab meat （ 14.3% ） and Pb of crab ovary （2.7%）. Single factor pollution index and comprehensive pollution index of Cd in crab ovary and crab meat were PCd= 3.56, P综 = 2.67 and Pcd = 0.56, P综 = 0.43, respectively, indicating that there was severe pollution in crab ovary, and the content of pollutants in crab meat was in a safe range. Conclusion The content of elements of commercial sea crab meat is in a safe range in Jinan. The Cd of crab ovary is severe pollution. There is a certain safety risk, and be careful to eat it.

关 键 词：元素 海蟹 污染物 监测分析 评价 

分 类 号：R15[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]