汉外语言接触下的“旧词新义”现象——一项基于语料库的考察  

A Study of “Words with Borrowed Meanings” in Chinese in the Light of Language Contact:A Corpus-based Study

作　　者：朱一凡[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学,上海200240

出　　处：《当代外语研究》2018年第3期79-86,共8页Contemporary Foreign Language Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目"基于语料库的英汉翻译对当代汉语影响的研究(1980~2010)"(编号11CYY005)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：本文结合历时和共时语料库的手段讨论了当代汉语受外语影响出现的"旧词新义"现象。受外语影响的旧词新义项是两种语言接触过程中语义渗透的结果,其根源是"对等词"的不对等,从另一种语言移借而来的新意义往往会在特殊的搭配或语境中使用,意义不会短时间就发生泛化,且多不会产生词义断层的问题,但附着在词汇上的文化意义和情感意义在移借的过程中,有可能因为文化背景不同或词语的情感意义不明确等原因,发生跨语言的语义阻隔。This paper examines the phenomena of"Words with Borrowed Meanings"in contemporary Chinese with the aid of diachronic and synchronic corpora.The study reveals that meaning borrowing constantly occurs between"equivalents"of two languages and has its roots in the actual inequivalence between socalled"equivalents".Besides,newly borrowed meanings are usually used in fixed collocations or contexts and seldom used independently. Newly borrowed meanings usually won't cause any problem in understanding,but new meanings with cultural and emotional connotations may sometimes lead to obstacles in borrowing and understanding.

关 键 词：旧词新义 语言接触 对等词 语义渗透 语义阻隔 

分 类 号：H315.9[语言文字—英语]