政治自然视角下亚里士多德的公民资格及其德性思想论析  

On Aristotle's Citizenship and Its Virtue Thought from the Perspective of Politcal Nature

作　　者：王洪波 Wang Hongbo

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《兰州学刊》2018年第10期41-47,共7页

基　　金：2017年北京市教委社科计划一般项目"基于个人与社会关系问题的‘关系思维’方法论反思与唯物史观研究"的阶段性研究成果(项目编号:SM201710028007);2016年北京高校中国特色社会主义理论研究协同创新中心(首都师范大学)"马克思主义与当代中国文化建设"(项目编号:PXM2016_014203_000107)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：城邦哲学是亚里士多德政治哲学的显著特色。亚里士多德的"城邦"是依自然目的性(由潜能到现实)生成的,而城邦之"公民"在本性上是趋于政治城邦的。因此,"公民"被界定为"有权参加议事和审判职能的人"。依"公民"概念,亚氏主要从理智能力、财富和出身等三个方面规范"公民资格"。城邦的理想是使公民过上幸福的至善生活,同时,公民也要通过拥有德性而获得幸福。亚氏认为,德性是一种品质,在追求德性的过程中,他强调了"德性即中庸"这一"中道"命题和原则。回到当代社会政治实践,亚氏的"公民德性"思想值得深刻反思。The city-state philosophy is a prominent characteristic of Aristotle＇s political philosophy,and the city-state and citizen are the important pillars of his philosophy. Aristotle＇s＂city-state＂generates by a kind of nature＇s purpose（ from potential to reality）,and citizen tends to the political state in nature. Therefore,Citizen is defined as ＂Those people that have right to participate in the procedure and the judicial function＂. According to the concept of citizen,Aristotle defines citizenship mainly from three aspects,including intellectual ability,wealth and birth. Living a happy life is the most ideal of city-state,and citizens also gain happiness by the way of owning virtue. Aristotle believes that virtue is a kind of quality. he emphasizes the proposition and principle of ＂virtue is mean＂in the process of pursuing virtue. Back to the contemporary social political practice,Aristotle＇s ＂citizen＇s virtue＂thought is worth deep reflection.

关 键 词：亚里士多德 政治自然 城邦 公民 德性 中道 

分 类 号：B502.232[哲学宗教—外国哲学]