奥地利现代学徒制的模块化模式及其运行机制研究  

A Study on the Mode and Operational Mechanism of the Modular Apprenticeship in Austrian Modern Apprenticeship

作　　者：潘海生 田云云 PAN Haisheng;TIAN Yunyun(School of Education,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学教育学院,天津300072

出　　处：《外国教育研究》2018年第10期104-116,共13页Studies in Foreign Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目"企业参与职业教育的行为差异化内在机理研究"(项目编号:14BGL209);天津市教委重大攻关项目"京津冀教育协调管理机制研究"(项目编号:2014H2-0042);全国教育科学"十二五"规划青年课题"社会资本对职业教育校企合作知识转移的作用机制研究"(项目编号:EJ140374)

摘　　要：面对传统产业升级和新兴产业涌现带来的技术变革,奥地利依托学徒制模块化改革不断改善原有学徒制隔离、专业化程度不足的弊端,在"专用性与通用性相结合、灵活性与稳定性相平衡、加强标准化、透明性"理念的指导下,构建起以基础模块、主体模块、特色模块有机衔接的学徒模块化基本模式,并基于行业产业特征形成了内调式、添加式、融入式和跨行业整合式等不同的类型,有效地提升奥地利学徒制对接产业、支撑产业、服务产业的能力,有效地增强了学徒的吸引力,逐渐成为奥地利现代学徒体系的重要组成部分。这与其"政府宏观统筹、社会中介组织主导、企业具体实施、健全保障体系"的运行机制有着密切的联系。Facing the condition that traditional industry upgraded constantly and tech- nology changed continuously as massive novel industry emerge, Austria was actively solving the problem such as isolation and lack of specialization of the original apprenticeship by promoting the reform of the modular apprenticeship. Under the guidance of the idea of ＂combining the specificity and versatility, balancing the flexibility and stability, strengthen- ing the standardization and transparency＂, the structure of modular apprenticeship based on the organic integration of the basic module, the main module and the special module was constructed. Meanwhile, such various modular apprentice training modes as internal adjust- ment mode, adding mode, assimilation mode, cross industry integration mode was formed based on specific industry characteristics. The modular apprenticeship effectively enhanced the ability of Austrian apprenticeships to dock, support and serve industries, and helped to appeal more apprenticeships as well. These benefits made that modular apprenticeship gradually become an important part of the modern apprenticeship system in Austria. And all of these are closely related to the operational mechanism of modular apprenticeship, which refers to the macro-co-ordination of government, the domination of social intermedi- ary organizations, the implementation of enterprise and the sound assurance.

关 键 词：奥地利 现代学徒制 模块化模式 运行机制 

分 类 号：G719.521[文化科学—职业技术教育学]