黑龙江省2017年食源性疾病病例监测结果分析  

Surveillance results and analysis of foodborne diseases in Heilongjiang province in 2017

作　　者：刘忠卫[1] 高飞[1] 高源[1] 李敬晶 马祎[2] LIU Zhong-wei1 , GAO Fei1 , GAO Yuan1 , LI Jing-jing1 , MA Yi2(1. Heilongjiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150030, China; 2. Harbin Medical Universit)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省疾病预防控制中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]哈尔滨医科大学

出　　处：《中国公共卫生管理》2018年第5期701-704,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health Management

摘　　要：目的通过对黑龙江省食源性病例信息的采集、汇总和分析,了解重要食源性疾病的发生情况,及时发现食源性疾病聚集性病例及流行线索。方法通过"食源性疾病病例监测报告系统"收集食源性疾病病例信息数据,进行统计分析。结果共收集食源性疾病病例16 164例,<5岁、25～65岁年龄组占比例较大,主要以儿童、家务及待业人员、农民、学生为主。症状主要表现为腹泻、恶心、呕吐、腹痛、发热、乏力,粪便性状主要以水样便和稀便为主。5-10月为就诊高峰(83. 4%)。水果类及其制品为暴露食品的比例为18. 2%,肉与肉制品为17. 2%,蔬菜类及其制品为15. 8%、粮食类及其制品为13. 2%。食品加工及包装方式分布和进食场所分布差异具有显著性,暴露食品为家庭自制的比例最高,为39. 9%,进食场所为家庭的比例最高,为76. 4%。结论黑龙江省食源性疾病主要暴露食品依次为水果类及其制品、肉与肉制品、蔬菜类及其制品、粮食类及其制品,发生在家庭的食源性疾病应当作为目前食源性疾病预防控制的重点。Objective By collecting,summarizing and analyzing information on foodborne diseases in Heilongjiang,to understand the status of important foodborne diseases occurrence and timely detection of foodborne diseases clustering cases and epidemiological clues. Methods The data of foodborne disease cases were collected and analyzed by means of＂Monitoring System of Foodborne Disease Cases＂. Results Sixteen thousand one hundred and sixty-four cases of foodborne diseases were collected,and the children less than 5 years and the adults from 25 to 65 years occupied a large proportion. The career distributions were children,unemployed workers,farmers and students. The symptoms mainly included diarrhea,nausea,vomiting,abdominal pain,fever and fatigue,and fecal traits were mainly watery and sparse. The period of May to October was the peak of visits（ 83. 4%）. The proportion of fruits and their products as exposed food were 18. 2%,meat and meat products were 17. 2%,vegetables and their products were 15. 8%,food and their products were 13. 2%. Differences in the distribution of food processing and packaging and the distribution of eating places were statistically significant. It was considered that the proportion of exposed food to family self-restraint was the highest（ 39. 9%）,and the proportion of eating places for families was the highest（ 76. 4%）. Conclusion The foodborne diseases mainly expose food followed by fruit and its products,meat and its products,vegetables and its products,grain and its products in Heilongjiang. The occurrence of foodborne diseases in the family should be the point of prevention and control.

关 键 词：食源性疾病 病例监测 哨点医院 

分 类 号：R155.5[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]