自动驾驶背景下“交强险”制度的应世变革  

The Transformation of the Mandatory Third-party Traffic Liability Insurance under the Background of Automatic Driving

作　　者：张龙 ZHANG Long(School of Law,Yantai University,Yantai 264005 China)

机构地区：[1]烟台大学法学院,山东烟台264005

出　　处：《河北法学》2018年第10期3-15,共13页Hebei Law Science

基　　金：中国法学会2017年度部级法学研究课题自选课题<机动车交通事故中的所有人责任研究>(CLS(2017)D75);山东省法学会2017年度省级法学研究课题专项课题<〈民法总则〉中免责事由的解释与适用>(SLS(2017)B24-2);2018年度山东省高校科研计划项目人文社科类一般项目<人工智能背景下新型道路交通事故侵权责任研究>(J18RB001)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：自动驾驶技术参与道路交通导致了风险负担主体的改变,引发了不确定风险频发的安全隐患,对既有承担分散社会风险重任的"交强险"制度提出了严峻的挑战。我国既有"交强险"制度更加注重受害人的损失填补,强调基本社会保障功能,其法律属性表现为基本保障模式。为确保受害人基本保障的实现,我国"交强险"制度理当在自动驾驶的时代背景下应时而变,具体变革路径表现为:改既有的"事故分项限额制"为"受害人概括限额制";增加汽车生产者为"交强险"投保主体;安装"黑匣子",全程记录汽车行踪和运作状态,以便在事故发生后厘清法律责任,方便保险理赔。The participation of autopilot technology in road traffic leads to the change of the risk burden,which leads to the hidden danger of the uncertain risk. It poses a serious challenge to the ＂Mandatory Third-party Traffic Liability Insurance＂system,which is not only responsible for the responsibility of dispersing the social risk. In our country,the system of ＂Mandatory Third-party Traffic Liability Insurance ＂ pays more attention to the loss of the victims, emphasizes the basic social security function,and its legal attribute is the basic guarantee mode. In order to ensure the realization of the basic protection of the victims,the ＂Mandatory Third-party Traffic Liability Insurance＂system should be changed in the era of autopilot. The concrete change path is as follows： to change the existing＂quota system of accident sub item＂as the ＂general quota system for the victims＂; to increase the body of the automobile producers as the ＂Mandatory Third-party Traffic Liability Insurance＂,and to install the ＂black box＂. The whole process records the whereabouts and operation state of the vehicle so as to clarify the legal liability after the accident and facilitate the insurance claim settlement.

关 键 词：自动驾驶 交强险 人工智能 责任保险 无人驾驶 

分 类 号：DF438.4[政治法律—经济法学]