藏传佛教般若中观论本土化的历史阐释  

A Historical Interpretation of the Localization of the Mādhyamaka in Tibetan Buddhism

作　　者：班班多杰[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学,北京100081 [2]中国统一战线理论研究会民族宗教理论甘肃研究基地

出　　处：《中国社会科学》2018年第10期181-203,共23页Social Sciences in China

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“藏传佛教思想史资料选编暨藏传佛教思想史论”(14ZDB117)阶段性成果.

摘　　要：从阐释学视角考察藏传佛教中国化的历史进程,既需要准确理解印度佛教文本、义理本身的一般性,又要肯定中国阐释者基于自身经验对印度佛教文本、义理所作的个性化、创造性建构。在前弘期,藏人智者在继承、融汇印汉佛教中观相关元素的基础上增创般若中观框架概念,初步建构藏传佛教般若中观理论系统。针对割据分治、异见泛起的现状,中期的阐释者扎根西藏处境,建立新的显密体系、政教关系、寺院体制,再造出名目繁多的般若中观命题、学派传承。至后弘期,阐释者纳繁归简,凝练类纂,构建出藏传佛教般若中观论的基本概念、理论系统、文本体系。藏传佛教般若中观在西藏境遇下经过千年通变与扬弃,最终形成具有西藏特点、中国特色的概念理论系统及传承文本体系,并整体融入中国佛教的思想洪流。To examine the historical process of the sinicization of Tibetan Buddhism from a hermeneutical perspective, we need to gain an accurate understanding of the generality of Indian Buddhist texts and principles themselves while affirming the individualized and creative approach applied to Indian Buddhist texts and principles by their Chinese interpreterson the basis of their own experience.In the early period(qianhongqi), Tibetan thinkers developed an intellectual framework for the Mādhyamaka or Middle Way that inherited and integrated the relevant elements in Indo-Sinitic Buddhism and constructed a preliminary Tibetan Buddhist theoretical system for the Middle Way.Faced with "divide and rule"separatism and the burgeoning of different views,At the middle period,they grounded their exegesis in Tibet,establishing a new system of exoteric and esoteric Buddhism,new relations between state and religion,and a system of temples and developing a variety of theses on Buddhism's Middle Way and transmitting a number of schools of thought.In the later period of development(houhongqi),interpreters reduced the multifarious and refined the canon,establishing the basic concepts and theoretical and textual systems of Tibetan Buddhism.After more than a thousand years of transformation and sublation in the Tibetan context,the Middle Way of Tibetan Buddhism finally developed a conceptual and theoretical system and transmission of literary forms with Tibetan and Chinese characteristics,which was integrated as a whole into the intellectual stream of Chinese Buddhism.

关 键 词：藏传佛教 般若中观论 阐释学 中国化 

分 类 号：B948[哲学宗教—宗教学]