南极磷虾粉成分分析及营养学评价  

Valuable components analysis and nutritional evaluation on antarctic krill(Euphausia superba) meals

作　　者：全沁果 段伟文 曾雪鸽 陈铭 张泽伟 郝记明[1,2,3,4] 刘书成 吉宏武[1,2,3,4] QUAN Qin-guo;DUAN Wei-wen;ZENG Xue-ge;CHEN Ming;ZHANG Ze-wei;HAO Ji-ming;LIU Shu-cheng;JI Hong-wu(College of Food Science and Technology,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524088,Cl~ina;Guangdong Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Proce.ssing and SaJety,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524088,China;Guangdong Marine Food Engineering and Technology Research Center,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524088,China;Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524088,China)

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学食品科技学院,广东湛江524088 [2]广东省水产品加工与安全重点实验室,广东湛江524088 [3]广东省海洋食品工程技术研究中心,广东湛江524088 [4]广东普通高等学校水产品深加工重点实验室,广东湛江524088

出　　处：《食品与机械》2018年第9期68-72,76,共6页Food and Machinery

基　　金：国家虾蟹产业技术体系建设专项(编号:CARS-48)

摘　　要：为促进南极磷虾粉蛋白源成分的可食化加工与副产物利用,测定了南极磷虾粉中蛋白质、油脂、甲壳素和矿质元素四类主要成分的含量,并从营养学角度分析了氨基酸、脂肪酸和矿质元素的组成,最后以过筛、脱脂制得蛋白质加工基料。结果显示,南极磷虾粉含蛋白质61.38%、油脂14.49%、甲壳素6.08%、矿质元素6.27%。营养学分析表明,氨基酸总量为47.34%,必需氨基酸含量为38.74%,必需氨基酸/非必需氨基酸值为70.24%,符合FAO/WHO认可的优质蛋白质源,且功能性氨基酸含量突出;油脂中不饱和脂肪酸含量为61.98%,其中多不饱和脂肪酸含量为25.10%,EPA+DPA+DHA的含量为18.19%,具有进一步开发的价值;南极磷虾粉矿质元素含量丰富、组成均衡,且重金属污染水平低。经30目过筛和正己烷-乙醇(体积比91)脱脂处理后,粉基中蛋白质含量达到73.80%,综合指标符合南极磷虾粉推荐标准,超过了特级鱼粉的评价标准,并使体系中的氟含量减少约10%。Key components of Antarctic Krill meals were analyzed such as protein,lipids,minerals and chitin content.Composition and content of amino acids,fatty acids and mineral element were also researched using nutritional assessment strategies in this paper.Finally,the protein processing base material was prepared by two steps include sieving and defatting.The results showed that the content of protein was 61.38%,lipids was 14.49%,chitin was 6.08%and mineral element was 6.27%.Protein of Antarctic Krill meals was a high quality protein referenced by FAO/WHO based on the total amino acid content of 47.34%,essential amino acid content of 38.74% and essential amino acids to non-essential amino acids ratio of 70.24%.Moreover,the functional amino acids content were also abundant.Lipids of Antarctic krill meal was found exploitable by polyunsaturated fatty acids content of 61.98%,polyunsaturated fatty acids content of 25.10% and EPA＋DPA＋DHA content of 18.19%.The functional minerals（K,Na,Mg,Ca,P,Fe,Cu,Zn,Sn）were found rich content and balanced composition in Antarctic krill,and the levels of heavy metal pollution（Cr,As,Cd）were extremely low simultaneously.The content of protein-peptides in processing base material is 70.91% by 30 mesh screening and degreasing with n-hexane-ethanol（9  1）, Which reached the quality standards of Antarctic krill meals,exceeded the evaluation criteria of special grade fishmeal and reduced 10% fluorine content of the system.The above results provided basic information and theoretical reference for protein production and byproducts utilization of Antarctic Krill meals.

关 键 词：南极磷虾粉 成分 营养学评价 蛋白质加工基料 

分 类 号：TS254.7[轻工技术与工程—水产品加工及贮藏工程]