数控机床误差的激光干涉仪自动瞄准测量及补偿技术研究  

MEASUREMENT COMPENSATION OF VOLUMETRIC ERRORS OF CNC MACHINING CENTERS USING AN AUTO-ALIGNMENT LASER INTERFEROMETER

作　　者：张虎[1] 周云飞[1] 唐小琦[1] 陈吉红[1] 师汉民[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学国家数控系统工程技术研究中心,武汉430074

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2002年第9期96-100,共5页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家863计划(863-511-820-004);国家博士后科学基金资助项目

摘　　要：开发了用于数控机床空间误差测量的激光干涉仪自动瞄准系统。该系统实现了机床多轴联动、而激光束的方向发生连续改变时空间曲线轨迹定位误差的测量。提出了通过一次对光实现数控机床整个空间定位误差的直接测量方法。采用网格方法储存测量误差,用有限元法实现补偿误差的预报。在立式数控加工中心上进行了误差的测量和补偿试验,结果表明所提出的误差测量方法精度高、速度快,误差补偿效果明显。An auto-alignment laser interferometer system is developed for volumetric error measurement of CNC machining centers. The system is capable of the displacement measurement with the change of laser beam directions, where multiple machine axes are moved simultaneously, with automatic optic alignment. This capability provides a solution for quick evaluation of the overall volumetric error of a multi-axis machine tool. A novel approach, which is capable of direct measurement of the total position errors at the tip of the tool of a multi-axis machine tool without the use of an error model, is presented by only one the manual alignment of the optic set and laser path. The error vector components at different location in the machine work space are stored in a 3D lattice. The meshing concepts developed in the finite element method literature are used to predict the volumetric errors at any point in the workspace. The strategies developed are testes on a CNC machine, and the results verify the effectiveness of the method.

关 键 词：数控机床 自动瞄准 激光干涉仪 误差补偿 误差测量 

分 类 号：TG659[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床] TH161[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]