种植夏季豆科作物对旱地氧化亚氮排放贡献的研究  

The Effects of Summer Legume Crop Cultivation on Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Upland Farmland

作　　者：熊正琴[1] 邢光熹[1] 鹤田治雄 施书莲[1] 沈光裕[1] 杜丽娟[1] 钱薇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京土壤研究所物质循环开放实验室,南京210008 [2]日本国立农业环境研究所

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2002年第9期1104-1108,共5页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目 ( 39790 10 0 )

摘　　要：就大田条件下种植夏季豆科作物对农田土壤氧化亚氮 (N2 O)排放影响的研究表明 ,以N2 O N的平均排放通量表示 ,花生处理为 2 5 .9μg·m-2 ·h-1,显著高于大豆处理的 2 1.2 μg·m-2 ·h-1,以非豆科作物旱稻处理最低 ,只有 18.4μg·m-2 ·h-1;以N2 O N的季节排放量表示 ,大豆处理显著高于花生 ,二者又都极显著高于旱稻 ,分别为0 .77、0 .70和 0 .5 5kg/ha。结果还表明 ,以N2 O的排放量占施用氮肥的百分比表示 ,大豆、花生和旱稻分别为0 .6 5 %、0 .33%和 0 .13%。豆科作物N2 O的排放量显著高于非豆科作物 ,豆科作物是农田N2 O排放的重要来源之一。A field study was conducted to investigate the effects of leguminous crop cultivation on nitrous oxide (N 2O) emissions from upland agricultural soils. Results demonstrated that N 2O emission sequence was that peanut crop> soybean>upland rice if in terms of everage emission N 2O-N flux, being 25.9, 21.2 and 18.4 μg·m -2·h -1, respectively. While in terms of seasonal emission, the sequence was that soybean > peanut crop >upland rice, being 0.77, 0.70 and 0.55 kg/ ha, respectively. Results also demonstrated that legume crop treatment emitted much more N 2O than non-legume of upland rice treatment and that N fertilized treatments emitted more than unfertilized treatments, average flux being 25.8 and 17.9 μg·m -2·h -1, respectively. Legume crop cultivation and N fertilizer, therefore, were one of the important sources of N 2O emissions from agricultural fields.

关 键 词：氧化亚氮排放 旱地 豆科作物 农田土壤 温室气体 

分 类 号：S314[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]