民族贫困地区生态安全评价及影响因素分析——以湘西自治州为例  

Assessment of ecological security and analysis of the influence factors in minority poverty area: A case study of Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture

作　　者：张钦礼[1] 邵佳[1,2] 彭秀丽[2] 陈秋松[1] ZHANG Qinli;SHAO Jia;PENG Xiuli;CHEN Qiusong(School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;Business School, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学资源与安全工程学院,湖南长沙410083 [2]吉首大学商学院,湖南吉首416000

出　　处：《中南大学学报（社会科学版）》2016年第3期83-90,共8页Journal of Central South University：Social Sciences

基　　金：湖南省社科重大招标项目"湖南省重点生态功能区实行生态补偿与监督机制研究"(15ZDA08);湖南省教育厅科研项目"武陵山片区生态贫困与生态扶贫研究"(13C765);湖南西部经济发展研究基地开放基金项目"生态文明视角下湖南西部农业结构调整对策"(15JDZB026)

摘　　要：为有效监测区域生态安全的动态变化,从压力(P)、状态(S)、响应(R)三方面构建区域生态安全的评价指标体系,根据变权灰色关联模型计算评价对象的综合安全度,并确定其生态安全等级,最后借助主成分分析方法,对区域生态安全的影响因素进行分析。研究结果表明,2005—2014年间,湘西自治州生态安全综合指数整体呈现上升趋势,生态环境压力有所缓解,但生态安全形势仍不容乐观,区域生态系统风险仍然存在。此外,主成分分析表明,湘西自治州生态安全的影响因素可以归纳为环境影响因子、资源影响因子和社会影响因子,其中环境影响因子是最主要的因子,资源影响因子次之,社会影响因子对生态安全的影响最小。In order to monitor effectively the dynamic changes of regional ecological security, the present studyestablishes the evaluation index system of ecological security from such three aspects as the pressure (P), the state (S)and the response(R). And based on the variable weight theory and grey relational analysis (GRA), the study calculatesthe degree of the comprehensive security of various objects, determines the grade of regional ecological security, andfinally extracts the factors affecting regional ecological security by adopting the method of analyzing the principalcomponent. The results show that the composite index of ecological security in Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecturepresents an upward trend from 2005—2014 and that the pressure of ecological environment has been relieved. Theoverall ecological security situation in this area, however, is still not optimistic and the ecological risk still exists. Inaddition, analysis of the principal component indicates that the factors influencing the ecological security in XiangxiAutonomous Prefecture can be classified into the environmental factor, the resources factor and the social factor.Among them, the environmental factor exerts the biggest effect, with the resources factor as the second and the socialfactor the least.

关 键 词：生态安全 变权灰色关联法 主成分分析法 因素分析 民族贫困地区 

分 类 号：X24[环境科学与工程—环境科学]