17β-雌二醇对岩溶稻田土壤微生物群落的影响  

Responses of Karst Paddy Soil Microbial Community Structure to 17β-estradiol in the Simulated Experiments

作　　者：黄雅丹[1] 靳振江[2,3] 李强[2,4] 刘畅[2] HUANG Yadan;JIN Zhenjiang;LI Qiang;LIU Chang(Graduate School of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China;Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China;International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin 541004, China;Environmental Science and Engineering College, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China)

机构地区：[1]桂林医学院研究生学院,广西桂林541004 [2]中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所,广西桂林541004 [3]桂林理工大学环境科学与工程学院,广西桂林541004 [4]联合国教科文组织国际岩溶研究中心,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2016年第10期1721-1726,共6页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0502501);国家自然科学基金项目(41641026;41361054);广西自然科学基金项目(2015GXNSFGA139010;2014GXNSFCA118012);广西科学研究与技术开发计划项目(桂科合14123001-13);中国地质科学院项目(YYWF201505);桂林市科学研究与技术开发计划项目(20140122-1)

摘　　要：为明确17β-雌二醇对岩溶区稻田土壤生态系统微生物多样性-稳定性关系的影响,通过17β-雌二醇室内添加模拟实验,采用荧光定量聚合酶链反应和聚合酶链反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳法研究有氧和厌氧条件下细菌和真菌丰度及多样性变化。结果表明,(1)0.05 mg·kg^(-1)和0.20 mg·kg^(-1)17β-雌二醇对岩溶稻田土壤微生物丰度具有一定的表观刺激效应,这种表观刺激效应在厌氧条件下尤为显著。岩溶稻田土壤细菌和真菌总拷贝数及归一化结果进一步显示,17β-雌二醇的添加量为0.05 mg·kg^(-1)时,岩溶稻田土壤微生物丰度最高,这可能是岩溶稻田土壤微生物对17β-雌二醇产生应急反应的一个重要应答点。(2)在厌氧培养条件下,岩溶稻田土壤细菌和真菌均匀度指数与其丰度呈现相反的变化趋势。尽管17β-雌二醇能够促进少数厌氧微生物种属及其数量的增加,但整体上降低了岩溶稻田土壤微生物系统的多样性和稳定性。(3)培养条件与微生物群落的双因素方差分析结果进一步证实,土壤通气状况(有氧和厌氧)是影响岩溶稻田土壤微生物群落稳定性的极显著因素。这说明,定期对岩溶稻田进行翻耕、晒田或水-旱交替耕作能够促进岩溶稻田土壤中17β-雌二醇的降解,降低厌氧微生物活性,缓解17β-雌二醇对岩溶稻田土壤微生物带来的生态风险,从而为岩溶区稻作农业生产管理提供技术支持。To understand the risk of 17β-estradiol on the microbial diversity-stability relationship in the karst paddy soil, the exogenous 17β-estradiol with the content of 0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, 0.40 mg·kg-1 was added to the karst paddy soil. Moreover, the soil was cultured in the aerobic or anaerobic condition. At the end of the culture, Quantitative Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction and Polymerase Chain Reaction-Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis methods were applied to analyze the karst paddy soil microbial abundance and diversity. 17β-estradiol (0.05 mg·kg-1 and 0.10 mg·kg-1) has the apparent stimulatory effects on the abundances of karst paddy soil bacteria and fungus under different treatment, which is quite significant in the anaerobic condition. Moreover,according to the normalized karst paddy soil bacteria and fungus abundances, it was inferred that one of the critical and emergency response point from 17β-estradiol to karst paddy soil microbes is 0.05 mg·kg-1. In the anaerobic condition, the species evenness of karst paddy soil bacteria and fungus is lower than the control group and also has the opposite change with their abundance. In the aerobic condition, 17β-estradiol can be degraded. The karst paddy soil microbial diversity has no clear variation in the aerobic condition. Though some anaerobic microorganisms were increased, the karst paddy soil microbial abundance and diversity were depressed. Moreover, the two-way analysis of variance relating to experimental condition and the abundances of karst paddy soil bacteria proved that the soil aeration condition is the controlling factor for karst paddy soil microbial community. From the results, it can be inferred that tillage, sunning the fields or waterlog-drought rotation can improve the degradation rate of 17 β-estradiol in the karst paddy soil, which decreased the anaerobic microbe activity and their methanogenic function. Therefore, the eco-environmental risk for karst paddy soil microbe from 17β-estradiol will be reduced.

关 键 词：17Β-雌二醇 土壤通气状况 微生物丰度 微生物多样性 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学] P593[天文地球—地球化学]