轴箱对轨道不平顺的响应及其可测性分析  

Dynamic Response of Axle-boxes to Rail Unevenness Excitation due to Multiple Wheel-rail Interactions and Its Measurability Analysis

作　　者：方格[1] 吴天行[1] 彭志科[1] 王誉蓉[1] FANG Ge;WU Tian-xing;PENG Zhi-ke;WANG Yu-rong(State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200240, China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学机械系统与振动国家重点实验室,上海200240

出　　处：《噪声与振动控制》2017年第2期13-17,100,共6页Noise and Vibration Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(11572188;11472170)

摘　　要：轨道不平顺会加剧轮轨的动态作用,引起轮轨部件损坏、噪声等问题,一直是铁路维护工作的重点。考虑到维护的成本,对轨道不平顺程度的实时监测显得尤为重要,其中轴箱加速度信号的二次积分是使用较多的方法。然而轴箱加速度包含的成分复杂,为了更深入地认识轴箱加速度的测量结果,建立多车轮与轨道相互作用模型,详细分析轨道不平顺激励下的轴箱与转向架的动态位移响应,重点关注轴箱响应对轨道不平顺的可测性,并给出了扩大测量频率范围的建议。结果显示:低频(长波长)情况下轴箱对轨道不平顺的响应接近理想,但是高频的位移响应受到多车轮耦合作用的影响,呈现很大的不确定性。Track irregularities can aggravate wheel/rail interaction and thus induce fatigue and damage of wheel/railcomponents and noise.This is always the key point of track maintenance.Considering the economy of maintenance work,real-time monitoring of track unevenness becomes very important.The most frequently used method of track unevennessmonitoring is the double integrating of the axle-box acceleration.Unfortunately,the axle-box response is found to beinfluenced by various factors.To obtain a better understanding of measurement results,the dynamic behavior of the axle-boxresponse to the unevenness excitation due to multiple wheel/rail interactions is analyzed in frequency domain with the“moving irregularity”model.Based on the analysis of the axle-box response,the measurability of track unevenness isdiscussed.Results show that the response of the axle-box to track unevenness at low frequencies is nearly ideal,whereas athigh frequencies it is influenced by the standing waves formed among the wheels and shows a variety of uncertainty due towave reflections.Finally,some suggestions for extending the range of measurable wavelength are proposed.

关 键 词：振动与波 轨道不平顺 轴箱加速度 多车轮作用 驻波 

分 类 号：TH113.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论]