如何设计面向整体任务的学习(上)  

How to Design an Educational Program Based on Whole-task Learning(Ⅰ)

作　　者：麦基·范尼特维尔特尔 多米尼克·曼合夫 伯特·艾尔赫尔斯 杰拉尔丁·克拉勒布 杰伦·范梅里恩伯尔 安·洛克斯 陆琦[3] 向佐军[3] 盛群力[3] Mieke Vandewaetere;Dominique Manhaeve;Bert Aertgeerts;Geraldine Clarebout;Jeroen J.G.Van Merri雗boer;Ann Roex;LU Qi;XIANG Zuojun;SHENE Qunli(University of Leuven,Belgium 8500;Maastricht University,the Netherlands 6200;Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,China 310028)

机构地区：[1]鲁汶大学 [2]马斯特里赫特大学 [3]浙江大学,浙江杭州310028

出　　处：《数字教育》2017年第4期86-92,共7页Digital Education

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究"十三五"规划项目"学习科学视域下教学设计理论发展研究"(16YA880033)

摘　　要：为了促进综合学习,教学设计应将重点放在设计一个真实或模拟的任务环境上,让学习者完成各类基于现实情境的学习任务。基于"四元教学设计模式",我们引入了"综合学习十步骤"贯穿于项目设计、开发和实施的全过程,其中涉及五大学习模块的内容。这些模块内容均与加拿大开发的"医学教育指导专家模型"中综合能力的要求相契合。另外,我们还引入了引导教育革新的模型,旨在应对实践挑战,预防不同用户之间合作产生的问题,试图解决从传统的、碎片化课堂教学到基于良好教学设计原则所开发的综合的混合式学习环境的转变问题。To promote complex learning,instructional design has focused on the use ofauthentic,real-life learning tasks that students perform in a real or simulated task environment.In what follows,we guide the readers on how to implement educational programs based on the4C/ID model and illustrate this with an example from general practice education.The developedlearning environment is in line with the whole-task approach,where a learning domain is consideredas a coherent,integrated whole and where teaching progresses from offering relatively simple,butmeaningful,authentic whole tasks to more complex tasks.We describe the steps that were taken,fromprototype over development to implementation,to build five learning modules that all focus on theintegrated acquisition of the Canadian Medical Education Directives for Specialists roles in generalpractice.Furthermore,a change cycle for educational innovation is described that encompasses practicebasedchallenges and pitfalls about the collaboration between different stakeholders and the transitionfrom traditional,fragmented and classroom-based learning to integrated and blended learning based onsound instructional design principles.

关 键 词：四元教学设计模式 综合学习设计 整体任务 

分 类 号：G4[文化科学—教育学]