《音节汉字及词汇等级划分》成语收录合理性分析——基于三种语料库的量化研究  

A Research of the Rationality of Chinese Four-character Idioms in Graded Chinese Syllables,Characters and Words——Based on the Quantity Analysis of Three Corpora

作　　者：罗宇 李英[2] LUO Yu;LI Ying(Chinese Department, Guangdong University of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510303, P.R.China;School of Foreign Languages, SunYet sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275, P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]广东第二师范学院中文系,广东广州510303 [2]中山大学外国语学院,广东广州510275

出　　处：《广东第二师范学院学报》2017年第6期75-81,共7页Journal of Guangdong University of Education

基　　金：2013年广东省学科建设专项资金项目优秀青年创新人才培养计划项目(育苗工程);"美国高校初级汉语教材的分析与评估"项目(2013WYM_0063)

摘　　要：《音节汉字及词汇等级划分》和《汉语水平汉字与词汇等级大纲》相比,加大了成语教学的力度,增收、删减了部分成语,调整了部分成语的等级分布。但新大纲成语收录存在两个问题:其一,收录了一些低频成语,而一些高频成语却未能收入;其二,各个等级成语的数量分布存在不合理之处。其原因是:语料不均衡,部分语料失当。修订大纲时,成语选取应参考成语在各类语料中的使用频次;成语等级分布应在频次聚类分析的基础上,根据一线教师的教学经验进行调整。Compared with The Outline of the Graded Vocabulary,The Graded Chinese Syllables,Characters and Words includes much more four character Chinese idioms and enhances idiom teaching.It adds254idioms,leaves out15ones and redistributes their levels of the ones that were once included in The Outline of the Graded Vocabulary,which may be a progress.However,there are two problems in the new Chinese idiom list.Firstly,it includes some idioms of low frequency,while some idioms with high frequency are not included.Secondly,the distribution of idioms in the four levels is not compatible with the frequency data features of the343idioms in three corpora.The existence of these problems is due to the facts that the corpus used to draw up the outline is not a balanced one,and that some language materials used in the outline formulation is inappropriate.When the book is revised,the four character Chinese idioms should be selected according to their frequency in multiple corpus rather than the spoken corpus only,and they should be graded in accord with the frequency clustering analysis result as well as teaching experience of teachers in the TCSOL.

关 键 词：成语 等级划分 频率 语料库 合理性 

分 类 号：H195[语言文字—汉语]