苦荞重组自交系群体农艺性状分析  

Analysis of agronomic traits in recombinant inbred line population of tartary buckwheat(Fagopyrm tataricum)

作　　者：石桃雄[1] 黎瑞源[2] 梁龙兵 朱丽伟[1] 孟子烨[1] 陈庆富[1] SHI Taoxiong;LI Ruiyuan;LIANG Longbing;ZHU Liwei;MENG Ziye;CHEN Qingfu(Research Center of Buckwheat Industry Technology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001,China;Key Laboratory of Information and Computing Science of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550001, China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学荞麦产业技术研究中心,贵州贵阳550001 [2]贵州师范大学贵州省信息与计算科学重点实验室,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《华南农业大学学报》2018年第1期18-24,共7页Journal of South China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家现代农业产业体系荞麦育种岗位科学家专项资金(CARS-08-A4);国家自然科学基金(31460280);贵州省荞麦工程技术研究中心建设专项资金(黔科合农G字[2015]4003);贵州省科技厅科学技术基金(黔科合JZ字[2014]2011号)

摘　　要：【目的】研究苦荞Fagopyrm tataricum主要农艺性状的遗传变异,揭示影响苦荞单株粒质量的主要因素,筛选综合性状优良的株系,为高产苦荞品种的选育提供理论基础和推荐材料。【方法】以小米荞与晋荞2号构建的重组自交系(Recombinant inbred line,RIL)群体399个家系为材料,对株高、主茎分枝数、主花序二分叉花枝数、顶三花枝粒数、单株粒数、单株粒质量、千粒质量、籽粒产量这8个农艺性状进行了遗传变异和相关性分析,利用逐步回归和通径分析挖掘影响单株粒质量的主要因子,基于农艺性状表型值将RIL群体进行聚类分析,通过群组间方差分析筛选优良单株。【结果】各性状变异系数为13.1%~42.4%。除了主茎分枝数外,其他性状均存在双向超亲分离现象。株高、主花序二分叉花枝数、单株粒数与单株粒质量、籽粒产量均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。单株粒数、主花序二分叉花枝数和千粒质量是影响单株粒质量的主要因素,其中单株粒数对单株粒质量的直接作用和总体效应最大。在欧式距离为22.0处,RIL群体可划分为10类,C5类群籽粒产量最高,C1类群在单株粒质量、单株粒数、主花序二分叉花枝数和籽粒产量等方面表现良好。【结论】单株粒数可作为高产苦荞品种选育的重要参考指标,C1和C5类群的株系可作为高产苦荞育种的推荐材料。【Objective】To study the genetic variation in major agronomic traits of tartary buckwheat(Fagopyrm tataricum),reveal the major factors influencing grain weight per plant,select excellent lines,and provide a theoretical basis and materials for high-yield tartary buckwheat breeding.【Method】Using399recombinant inbred lines(RILs)derived from the cross of‘Xiaomiqiao’and‘Jinqiao2’,we studied the genetic variations of eight agronomic traits including plant height(PH),branch number of main stem(BN),branch number with double-bifurcation on main inflorescence(BND),grain number of the top-three-branch(GNT),grain number per plant(GN),grain weight per plant(GW),1000-grain weight(TGW)and grain yield(GY)and did correlation analysis.Multiple regression and path analysis were conducted to detect the traits mostly affected GW.Cluster analysis for the RIL population was carried out based on the phenotypic data of invested traits,and the excellent lines were selected by variance analysis among groups.【Result】The coefficient variation of the traits ranged from13.1%to42.4%.Excepting BN,tremendous transgressive segregation for all traits was observed.PH,BND and GN were significantly positively correlated with GW and GY,respectively(P<0.01).GN,BND and TGW were the traits mostly affected GW.GN had the most direct and overall effects on GW.The RIL population could be divided into ten groups at the Euclidean distance of22.0.Group C5had the highest GY and group C1had fine performance in GW,GN,BND and GY.【Conclusion】GN can be used as a reference index for high-yield tartary buckwheat breeding,and lines from group C1and C5are recommended as materials for breeding.

关 键 词：苦荞 重组自交系 农艺性状 相关分析 通径分析 遗传变异 

分 类 号：S236[农业科学—农业机械化工程]