不同温度下银耳生理变化规律与出耳农艺性状分析  

The physiological change of Tremella fuciformis under various culture conditions and its fruiting economic character

作　　者：张海洋[1] 林辉[1] 王长文 张琪辉 郑峻 孙淑静[1,4] 胡开辉 钟冬季[5] ZHANG Hai-yang;LIN Hui;WANG Chang-wen;ZHANG Qi-hui;ZHENG Jun;SUN Shu-jing;HU Kai-hui;ZHONG Dong-ji(College of Life Science,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;Gutian Mushroom Research and Development Centers,Ningde 352200,China;Fujian Edible Fungus Technology Extension Station,Fuzhou 350002,China;Gutian Edible Fungi Research Institution,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Ningde 352200,China;Gutian Hechun Agricultural Development Co.,Ltd.,Gutian 352200,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学生命科学学院,福建福州350002 [2]古田县食用菌研发中心,福建古田352200 [3]福建省食用菌技术推广总站,福建福州350002 [4]福建农林大学(古田)菌业研究院,福建古田352200 [5]古田县恒春农业开发有限公司,福建古田352200

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2017年第12期12-19,共8页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：福建省科技厅星火计划项目(2016S0041);福建省食用菌产业重大研发平台(2014N2101);福建省科技计划项目(2018N3108;2016S0054)

摘　　要：通过研究银耳(Tremella fuciformis)菌丝生长阶段不同培养温度(20、24、28℃)下银耳菌包内生理生化及酶活性指标变化规律,明确不同温度对银耳产量和品质的影响。结果表明,不同的培养温度对银耳菌丝生长和出耳的农艺性状具有显著影响,以24℃下培养银耳菌包,在菌包生理生化变化情况(总糖、pH、还原糖、胞外蛋白)、各胞外基质降解酶分泌量(羧甲基纤维素酶、淀粉酶、漆酶、蛋白酶)以及出耳品质(银耳朵型、产量)明显高于20、28℃下培养的菌包,确定了银耳菌包培养阶段最适温度为24℃,高温或者低温环境会影响银耳菌丝对原料的利用,产量和品质有所降低。In this study,the effects of temperature on process of Tremella fuciformis production were investigated.In order to guarantee the quality of mycelium development,according to the effects of various culture temperature(20,24and28)on physiology and biochemistry variation and enzyme activity variation during mycelial development,the temperature for mycelium growth was determined,respectively,on the basis of T.fuciformis production generated by corresponding mycelium treatment as standard.It was suggested that various temperature treatment exerted substantial effects on T.fuciformis mycelial development and economic characteristics of fruit body.Compared to T.fuciformis compost at20℃or28℃,T.fuciformis compost at24℃showed higher secretion level of extracellular matrix degradation enzymes,including carboxymethyl celluloses,amylases,laccases and proteases,which were responsible for substrate degradation.And thus,mycelium cultivated at24℃produced more mushroom production with better shape than mycelium grown at20℃or28℃.Therefore,the results demonstrated that the optimal temperature for mycelium growth was24℃and that higher or lower temperature conditions than24℃exerted detrimental effects on the utilization of substrate by mycelium,resulting in low mushroom production.

关 键 词：银耳 温度 生理指标 酶学变化 出耳 

分 类 号：S567.34[农业科学—中草药栽培]