上海市学龄儿童青少年下肢力量百分位数参考值  

Percentile normal values of lower extremity strength for School-age children and adolescents in Shanghai

作　　者：杨漾 吴艳强 王向军 彭宁宁[3] YANG Yang;WU Yanqiang;WANG Xiangjun;PENG Ningning(Shanghai Educational Development Co.,LTD,Shanghai 200011,China;Shanghai Students Physical Health Monitoring Center,Shanghai 200031,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市教育发展有限公司,上海200011 [2]上海市学生体质健康监测中心 [3]上海市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2018年第1期68-71,共4页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的建立符合上海市儿童青少年生长发育特点的立定跳远百分位数参考值,为监测该地区儿童青少年下肢肌肉力量水平提供参照。方法截取2014、2016年的上海市学生体质与健康调研资料进行分析,7~18岁学生分别为15 421、10 789名。应用国际通用LMS法分性别建立年龄别立定跳远百分位数值。结果 2014年上海市中小学生立定跳远随年龄增加呈增长趋势,总体男生高于女生(t=54.35,P<0.01),男生立定跳远发展敏感期年龄为11、12岁(156.7~189.97cm),女生敏感期年龄为7、8、9岁(118.65~145.66 cm);与2014年相比,2016年男女生立定跳远变化特征基本一致,男生总体差异无统计学意义,而女生总体有所增长(t=-2.66,P<0.01),分年龄段来看13岁男生组有所下降(t=1.97,P<0.05),7岁女生组有所增长(t=-2.64,P<0.01),而16岁女生组有所下降(t=2.09,P<0.05);获得了2014年上海市中小学生立定跳远的百分位数参考值P3,P5,P10,P15,P25,P50,P75,P85,P90,P95,P97,高年龄组(高中生)百分位数参考值低于全国同期水平。结论 2014年上海市儿童青少年立定跳远发展敏感期年龄存在性别差异,女生较男生提前1~2年,2016年与2014年相比女生总体有所增长,个别中学生年龄组有所下降,上海市儿童青少年立定跳远百分位数参考值存在性别差异,研究获得的立定跳远百分位数参考值为本地区儿童青少年力量水平测量提供了一种直观评价方式。Objective To establish the nor^nal values of the standing long jump of children and ado1escents,and provide reference for monitoring the lower extremity strength of children and adolescents in this region.Methods Data were collected from the Shanghai Survey on Students Constitution and Health in 2014 and 2016,with the sample size of 15 421 and 10 789,respectively.Using LMS method to establish the percentile value.Results In 2014,the standing long jump of primary and middle school students increased with age,the increase of boys was higher than that of girls(t=54.35,P<0.0 1),standing long jump development sensitive period of boys was 11,12 years old(156.7-189.97cm),the sensitive period of girls was 7,8 and 9 years old(118.65-145.66cm).Compared with the data in 2014,the characteristics of standing long jump in 2016 was basically the same,there was no significant difference among boys,while there was somewhat increase in girls(t=-2.66,P<0.01).From the view of age group,there was somewhat decrease in boys aged 13 years old(t=1.97,P<0.0 5),and there was somewhat increase in the number of girls aged 7 years old(t=-2.64,P<0.0 1),while there was somewhat decrease in girls aged 16 years old(t=2.09,P<0.05).Reference value of the specific percentiles,P3,P5,P10,P15,P2 5,P50,P75,P8 5,P9 0,P95 and P97 of standing long jump in 2014 was obtained,and the highage-group of Shanghai was higher than the national average over the same period.Conclusion There were gender differences in the sensitive period of standing long jump for children and adolescents of Shanghai in 2014,girls were 1-2 years ahead of boys.Compared with 2014,the number of female students increased in 2016,the age group of some middle school students declined;There were gender differences in the percentage of lower extremity strength in children and adolescents in Shanghai.The percentile reference value obtained in this study provided an intuitive evaluation method for the measurement of the strength levels of children and adolescents in this region.

关 键 词：儿童青少年 下肢力量 百分位数 立定跳远 

分 类 号：R195.2[医药卫生—卫生统计学]