空间目标近距离高灵敏度探测技术  

High-sensitivty detection of space targets at close range

作　　者：杨秀彬[1,2] 刘春雨 范国伟[1,2] 常琳 王旻[1,2] YANG Xiu-bin;LIU Chun-yu;FAN Guo-wei;CHANG Lin;WANG Min(Changchun Institute of Optics,Fine Mechanics and Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130033,China;National&Local United Engineering Research Center of Small Satellite Technology,Changchun 130033,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所,吉林长春130033 [2]小卫星技术国家地方联合工程研究中心,吉林长春130033

出　　处：《光学精密工程》2018年第4期825-833,共9页Optics and Precision Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.61705222;No.61503360);科技部国家重点研发技术资助项目(No.SQ2016YFGX040149)

摘　　要：为实现高灵敏度条件下近距离空间目标的探测成像,通过设计惯性空间跟踪、terminal滑模稳定控制指向方法和成像行频自主匹配技术,利用高灵敏度CMOS相机实现了对空间目标的稳定指向和高信噪比成像。最后,利用卫星三轴气浮姿控仿真系统、空间LED目标显示系统和高灵敏度CMOS相机成像系统,进行惯性空间跟踪稳定指向姿控仿真及外场高灵敏度成像试验。试验结果表明:对惯性空间目标稳定指向的过程中,稳像姿态控制优于0.02°与0.001 5(°)/s时,成像曝光10ms可获得信噪比为19dB的低照度图像;利用F数为10的GSENSE400CMOS相机,在光照度为0.05lx和行频自主匹配成像姿态的10ms曝光时间条件下进行20km近距离外场成像试验,能够获得SNR大于18dB的高信噪比图像。In order to achieve high sensitivity space target imaging under the condition of close distance,the inertial space tracking and pointing model,terminal sliding mode control method which stabilize the image,imaging frequency independent matching technology were designed to achieve space target stable pointed and high signal-to-noise ratio imaging by high sensitivity CMOS camera.Finally,satellite three axis attitude control simulation system,space-based LED target display system and high sensitivity CMOS camera imaging system were used to simulate attitude control in inertial space tracking and stable point,and then high sensitivity imaging was tested in and out field.The results show that when the attitude of stabilize imaging is better than 0.02°and 0.001 5(°)/s in the process of the stability of the inertial space target pointing,high SNR image which is 19 dB can obtain in 10 ms exposure time;By using the GSENSE400 CMOS camera with F number of 10,out field experiment which has object distance about 20 km can obtain high SNR image more than 18 dB under the condition of low illumination about 0.05 lx and the exposure time about 10 ms.

关 键 词：空间监视 空间目标 高灵敏度 低照度 智能匹配 信噪比 

分 类 号：V443.5[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]