朱熹哲学境界论的建构  

On Founding Realm Theory in Zhu Xi's Philosophy

作　　者：孔令宏[1,2,3] Kong Linghong

机构地区：[1]浙江大学哲学系,浙江杭州310013 [2]浙江大学道教文化研究中心 [3]浙江大学东西方文化与管理研究中心

出　　处：《中原文化研究》2018年第4期67-71,共5页The Central Plains Culture Research

摘　　要：境界论是朱熹哲学的一个重要方面,可惜前人对此鲜有涉及。朱熹的超越现实而建构精神境界,首先要处理好外物与自己、个人与社会的内外关系的矛盾。这在朱熹哲学中,前者表现为通过格物致知处理好道问学与尊德性的关系,后者表现为内圣与外王即个人与社会的关系。在朱熹看来,格物致知可通达德性,道问学通过"定""静""安""虑""得"五个阶段可以实现与尊德性的统一。朱熹认为个人与社会关系的处理,通过穷理、体理、推理而贯通内圣与外王,并通过动态地调整规范与自由的关系而实现个我的建构与解构,从而建构精神境界。朱熹有关境界论建构的思想体现了儒家哲学体用合一的特色。Realm Theory is one important part of Zhu Xi??s philosophy that there is few research result.The paper points out that individuals can improve upon reality and found his realm,he must resolve the contradictions between matters and oneself,individual and society.In Zhu Xi??s philosophy,the former shows as resolve between following the knowledge(道问学)and honoring moral nature(尊德性)through studying phenomena to acquire knowledge,the latter shows as the relation between internal saints and external kingliness.Zhu Xi thinks that studying phenomena can reach moral nature,following the knowledge can unify honoring moral nature through five steps,such as motionless,quiet,reassuring,meditation,gaining.In Zhu Xi??s opinion,resolving the relation between individual and society means unifying internal saints and external kingliness through investigating the principals,understanding the principles from experience and speculating the principals,dynamically adjusting the relation between restriction and freedom,therefore,the realm can be founded.Zhu Xi??s opinion on realm has Confucian characteristic that unifying body and function.

关 键 词：朱熹 境界 道问学 尊德性 

分 类 号：B244.7[哲学宗教—中国哲学]