陕北传统雨水场地的生态智慧对现代海绵城市建设的启示  

Enlightenment of Ecological Wisdom of Traditional Stormwater Site in Northern Shaanxi to the Construction of Sponge City

作　　者：杨建辉[1,2] 周庆华[3] Yang Jianhui;Zhou Qinghua

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学建筑学院城乡规划专业,西安710055 [2]西安建筑科技大学建筑学院风景园林系 [3]西安建筑科技大学城市规划设计研究院,西安710055

出　　处：《中国园林》2018年第7期64-68,共5页Chinese Landscape Architecture

基　　金：住房和城乡建设部研究开发项目“西北半干湿地区雨水利用场地适宜性设计方法及策略研究”(编号2013-K1-4)资助

摘　　要：陕北特殊的自然条件和雨洪过程决定了海绵城市建设的关键是以小流域为基本尺度、以流域内的各类场地为基本单元,实现对地表径流的有效管控,并区别于其他地域的海绵城市建设。针对小流域内生产与生活场地上的地表径流管控问题,长期以来形成的地域经验与智慧值得挖掘与总结。通过调查研究,总结了传统措施具有的高适宜性、低成本、多功能融合的特征以及防用结合、综合治理和就地取材、生态审美2条场地建设经验;根据地形地貌、生产与生活功能及其地表水文过程的差异,将传统雨水场地及措施归纳为4种场地类型,并分别总结了每类场地适宜的措施及其特点。在对比传统经验措施与现代海绵城市措施的基础上,从4个方面指出了传统雨水场地经验智慧对现代海绵城市建设的启示。The specific natural conditions and stormwater process bring out a key point which makes the small watershed as the cardinal scales with the different types of sites as basic units in the watershed area,to achieve the effective control of surface runoff,for distinguishing from the other regions of sponge city construction.Focus on the control of surface runoff in the production and living area of small watershed,there are lots of traditional experience and wisdom worth to dig and summarize.Through investigation and study,three characteristics and two experiences of the traditional construction way could be summarized.Firstly,according to the differences of landform,production and life functions and surface hydrological processes,the traditional stormwater sites could be summarized into four types:flatland,barren hillside,gully valley and human settlement.Secondly,the appropriate measures and their functional characteristics in each type of site are summed up respectively.Finally,on the basis of comparing the traditional experience measures with the"sponge city"strategy,the enlightenment of the traditional wisdom of rainwater field on recent"sponge city"construction could be pointed out as four aspects.

关 键 词：风景园林 传统生态智慧 海绵城市 雨水场地 陕北地区 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]