高速列车车头形状对横风气动效应的影响  

The Impact of High-Speed Trains' Head Shape on Crosswind Aerodynamic Effect

作　　者：孟东晓 李人宪[1] MENG Dong-xiao;LI Ren-xian(School of Mechanical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Sichuan Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学机械工程学院,四川成都610031

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2018年第A02期27-30,共4页Machinery Design & Manufacture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51475387)

摘　　要：列车在高速运行时,如果受到强横风作用,空气动力学性能显著改变。为探讨高速列车车头形状对横风气动效应的影响,基于Navier-Stokes方程和标准k-ε两方程模型,采用有限体积法,计算了CRH2、CRH3、CRH380A和德国ICE型高速列车在不同列车运行速度、不同横风速度25种工况下的侧向力、侧翻力矩及其系数。计算结果表明CRH3型高速列车横风气动特性最优,CRH380A型高速列车其次,两者气动特性相差不大,要优于CRH2和ICE型高速列车,并且受电弓两侧加侧挡板会使安装的那节车厢的侧向力和侧翻力矩大幅增加,并会给后面车厢的横风气动效应带来不利影响。When the train is running at high speed,the aerodynamic performance changes significantly if it is subjected to a strong crosswind.In order to investigate the impact of high-speed trains’head shape on crosswind aerodynamic effect,based on the Navier-Stokes equation and standard k-εtwo equations turbulence model,Finite Volume Method is applied to figure out the side force,rollover moment and coefficient of CRH2,CRH3,CRH380A and ICE high-speed trains,This measure is under 25 kinds of working conditions,different running and crosswind speed.The results indicate that CRH3 high-speed train has the best crosswind aerodynamic characteristics,the second is CRH380A high-speed train,and the aerodynamic characteristics of the two are similar,which are better than CRH2 and ICE high-speed trains.In addition,the side baffles on pantograph equipment can lead to a substantial increase in side force and rollover moment of the related carriage.It can also cause adverse effect on crosswind aerodynamic characteristics for the following carriages.

关 键 词：高速列车 车头形状 横风效应 侧向力 侧翻力矩 侧挡板 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] U271[机械工程—车辆工程]