双目立体视觉在动车车身关键尺寸检测中的应用  

Application of binocular stereo vision technology in key dimension detection of CRH body

作　　者：高金刚[1] 刘智勇[1] 张爽[1] 侯岱双 刘孝峰 GAO Jingang;LIU Zhiyong;ZHANG Shuang;HOU Daishuang;LIU Xiaofeng(Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Changchun Institute of Technology,Changchun Jilin 130012,China;College of Mechanical Engineering,Changchun University of Technology,Changchun Jilin 130012,China;Ministry of Industrial Planning and Development,CRRC Changchun RailWay Vehicles Company Limited,Changchun Jilin 130062,China)

机构地区：[1]长春工程学院机电工程学院,长春130012 [2]长春工业大学机械工程学院,长春130012 [3]中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司工业规划发展部,长春130012

出　　处：《计算机应用》2018年第9期2673-2677,2719,共6页journal of Computer Applications

基　　金：吉林省发改委产业专项(2015y74);吉林省科技发展计划项目(20170204012GX)~~

摘　　要：针对动车(CRH)车身尺寸范围大、检测项目复杂、车型变化多,不容易实现在线测量的难题,首先提出了大型动车车身关键尺寸的测量方案,利用双目电荷耦合装置(CCD)立体视觉建立各个关键尺寸的视觉测量子站,同时利用激光跟踪仪及相关坐标变换算法,完成对各个CCD相机测量子站的全局标定;各个测量子站利用立体空间球检测技术,对局部关键尺寸进行测量;同时构建了基于小波分析的神经网络温度误差补偿模型,使空间距离补偿后的精度能达到0.05 mm。将该方法与三坐标测量机测得的数据对比验证,可以发现该方法操作简单、灵活性高、精度较高,可有效解决动车车身关键尺寸检测问题。It is difficult to realize on-line measurement for the large dimension range of China Railway High-speed(CRH)body,the complexity of testing items and the variety of vehicles.Firstly,a measurement scheme of key dimensions for a large-scale bullet train was proposed,where binocular Charge Coupled Device(CCD)stereo vision was used to set up the measuring sub stations of each key dimension,and the laser tracker and coordinate transformation algorithm were used to complete the global calibration of each CCD camera s measuring sub station.In each measuring sub station,the stereo spatial ball detection technology was used to measure local key dimensions.At the same time,a neural network temperature error compensation model based on wavelet analysis was constructed,and the precision of space distance compensation reached 0.05 mm.The comparison between the proposed method and three-coordinate measuring machine,shows that the proposed method is simple in operation,high in flexibility and high in precision,which can effectively solve the key dimension detection problem of CRH body.

关 键 词：立体空间球心检测 双目视觉 动车车身检测 神经网络 误差补偿 

分 类 号：TP274.2[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]