孕期高脂高蛋白饮食对胎鼠发育及糖脂代谢的影响及其机制  

Effects of high fat and high protein diet during pregnancy on fetal development and glucose and lipid metabolism

作　　者：窦莉华 李李[1] 胡传来[1] 赵奇红[1] 阮亮[1] 来汉麟 李毅 Dou Lihua;Li Li;Hu Chuanlai(Department of Maternal and Child Health,School of Public Health,Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230032)

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生学系,合肥230032 [2]徐州市卫生监督所,徐州221000 [3]安徽省立医院,合肥230032

出　　处：《现代妇产科进展》2018年第9期673-677,共5页Progress in Obstetrics and Gynecology

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金(No:1408085MH160);国家自然科学基金(No:81373011);安徽省高等学校省级质量工程项目(No:2017sjjd096)

摘　　要：目的:探讨孕期高脂、高蛋白饮食对胎鼠发育和糖脂代谢的影响及可能机制,为孕期保健和子代正常生长发育提供依据。方法:将交配成功的母鼠随机分为对照(Con)组、高脂饮食(HFD)组、高蛋白饮食(HPD)组。于孕18天(GD18)麻醉处死母鼠,检测母鼠、胎鼠血糖、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、胰岛素水平,检测胎盘组织中营养转运体mRNA和蛋白水平。结果:HFD和HPD组的胎鼠体重低于Con组(P<0.01),胎体比高于Con组(P<0.05);HFD组胎鼠TC、血糖水平高于Con组(P<0.05);HPD组的TC水平显著低于Con组和HFD组(P<0.01),TG高于Con组和HFD组(P<0.05,P<0.01),血糖水平高于Con组(P<0.01)。HFD组孕晚期及整个孕期增重高于其他两组(P<0.05);与Con组相比较,HFD组孕鼠的TC、TG、血糖水平显著升高(P<0.05);HPD组的TC、TG低于Con组、HFD组(P<0.01),胰岛素水平高于Con组和HFD组(P<0.01)。胎盘组织中HFD组的CD36和FATP4 mRNA水平上调(P<0.05),HPD组的GLUT1 mRNA和蛋白表达上调(P<0.05)。结论:孕期高脂高蛋白饮食影响了胎鼠发育和糖脂代谢,其可能机制是母体代谢状况可引起胎盘功能的改变。Objectiv e:To explore the effect of high-fat and high-protein diet during pregnancy on fetal development and metabolism of glucose and lipids,and its possible mechanisms,so as to provide basis for the normal health and development of offspring during pregnanc y.Methods:Mating mice were randomly divided into control(Con)group,high-fat diet(HFD)group,and high-protein diet(HPD)group.At GD18,pregnant mice were sacrificed after anesthesia.The levels of blood glucose,triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(T C)and insulin of maternal and fetal were measured.The levels of mRNA and protein of the nutrient transporter in the placenta were examined.Results:The body weight of fetal mice in HFD and HPD group was lower than that in control group(P<0.01),and the ratio of fetus mice to placental weight was higher than that in CON group(P<0.05).TC and blood glucose levels in fetuses of HFD group were increased(P<0.05).Compared with group of Con and HFD,HPD group had a significantly lower level of TC(P<0.01)and higher level of TG(P<0.05,P<0.01).And its blood glucose(P<0.01)was higher than Con group.HFD group had higher weight gain than the other two groups(P<0.05)during the third trimester and the whole pregnancy.Compared with Con group,there were significantly higher in TC,TG,and blood glucose levels in HFD group(P<0.05).HPD group had lower levels of TC and TG,and higher level of insulin than the other groups(P<0.01).The mRNA levels of CD36 and FATP4 in placenta tissue in HFD group were up-regulated(P<0.05).The expressions of gene and protein of GLUT 1 in HPD group were up-regulated(P<0.05).Conclusion:High-fat and high-protein diet during pregnancy affect the fetal development and metabolism of glucose and lipids.The possible mechanism may be the change of maternal metabolic status,resulting in changes of placental function.

关 键 词：妊娠 高脂饮食 高蛋白饮食 糖脂代谢 胎盘 

分 类 号：R714.2[医药卫生—妇产科学]