臭柏叶绿体基因组结构与系统进化分析  

Analysis of Chloroplast Genome Structure and Phylogenetic Evolution of Juniperus sabina

作　　者：路东晔 张磊[1] 郝蕾[1] 郭文雨 李娅翔 张玉琨 张国盛[1] LU Dongye;ZHANG Lei;HAO Lei;GUO Wenyu;LI Yaxiang;ZHANG Yukun;ZHANG Guosheng(Forestry College of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010019,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学林学院,呼和浩特010019

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2018年第8期1464-1475,共12页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31460204)

摘　　要：以臭柏为研究材料,利用高通量测序技术对臭柏的叶绿体基因组进行测序,分析了臭柏叶绿体基因组结构特征及系统进化关系。结果表明:(1)臭柏叶绿体基因组由大单拷贝区、小单拷贝区和2个反向重复区构成,但反向重复区只有261bp;基因组全长157 739bp,包含119个基因,即82个蛋白编码基因、4个rRNA基因和33个tRNA基因,其中trnI-CAU和trnQ-UUG基因有2个拷贝,其他基因均为单拷贝,且多拷贝基因中仅trnQ-UUG位于反向重复区。(2)生物信息学分析表明,臭柏叶绿体基因组共有42 579个密码子,其中编码亮氨酸Leu的数量最多,相对同义密码子使用度最高的为AGA/UUA;在臭柏叶绿体基因组中共预测到47个SSR位点,单核苷酸、二核苷酸和三核苷酸数目分别为38、1和3个;臭柏与其他刺柏属植物相比较,其基因组大小、基因组成及GC含量相近。(3)采用RAxML软件最大似然法对杨柳科、松科、蔷薇科和柏科等共31种植物构建的系统进化树表明,臭柏与刺柏属内Juniperus bermudiana亲缘关系相对较近,整个刺柏属植物分支为单系类群。该研究丰富了臭柏的遗传信息,为臭柏种质资源评价和保育、分子育种、SSR分子标记的开发、遗传多样性和群体谱系地理研究等奠定了理论基础,同时也为构建柏科植物的系统进化提供了支持。Juniperus sabina was used as material,high-throughput sequencing technology was used to sequence the chloroplast genome of J.sabina,and the structural characteristics and phylogenetic relationships of J.sabina chloroplast genome were analyzed.The results showed that:(1)J.sabina chloroplast genome J.sabina chloroplast genome was 157 739 bp in length,consisting of a large single-copy region,a small single-copy region and the two inverted repeat regions with only 261 bp.The cpDNA of J.sabina contains 119 genes including 82 protein-coding genes,4 rRNA genes and 33 tRNA genes.The trnI-CAU and trnQ-UUG genes have two copies,but only trnQ-UUG is located in the IR region while the other genes are single-copy genes.(2)Bioinformatics analysis showed that there were 42 579 codons in the chloroplast genome of J.sabina,of which Leu was the most abundant one,and AGA/UUA was the most highly used relative codon.A total of 47 SSRs were predicted in the chloroplast genome of J.sabina.The number of single nucleotides,dinucleotides,and trinucleotides was 38,1,and 3,respectively;The genome size,genetic composition,and GC content of J.sabina were similar to other junipers.(3)The RAxML software was used with maximum likelihood method to construct phylogenetic tree for a total of 31 species of plants,such as Salicaceae,Pinaceae,Rosaceae and Cypress.The results showed that J.sabina has a closer relationship with Juniperus bermudiana and all juniper species form a monophyletic group.The study provided a theoretical basis for enriching the genetic resources of J.sabina for the evaluation and conservation of J.sabina germplasm resources,molecular breeding,development of SSR molecular markers,genetic diversity and phylogeography of population,also provided support for the systematic evolution of J.sabina.

关 键 词：臭柏 叶绿体基因组 系统进化 

分 类 号：Q732[生物学—分子生物学] Q789