论王世贞诗乐相合的文体观  

Wang Shizhen's view of literary style:Combination of poetry and music

作　　者：涂育珍[1] TU Yuzhen(Research Center of Jiangxi Opera Resources,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,China)

机构地区：[1]东华理工大学江西戏剧资源研究中心,江西南昌330013

出　　处：《中南大学学报（社会科学版）》2018年第5期171-177,共7页Journal of Central South University：Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目"明清戏曲改编研究"(12CZW036);江西省社会规划课题"中国词学评点研究"(10WX70)

摘　　要：王世贞的文学批评将"才、思、格、调"结合起来,通过辨体批评,确立文体典范,以文体"正变"为核心,贯通诗、词、曲诸多领域。王世贞论及诸文体的体性特征时,既强调复古、拟议古法,又主张通变、顺应性情;既强调骈俪、典雅,又主张从俗、近俗。后人常困惑于其矛盾之处,或各执一端,或以"剂"来解释其调和折中之意。王世贞论诗词曲之体制并非简单的叠加或折中,他认为诗词曲的体性于雅俗之间相通的基础在于诗乐相合。其文体批评的内在逻辑是以复古为导向,诗心与乐体结合,融通雅俗,探寻将"今乐"文人化的曲学尊体路径。Wang Shizhen’s literary criticism combines“talent,thought,style and tone”,and establishes the stylistic model through style identification criticism which holds direct variation of stylistic model as the core and threads up such various fields as poetry,Ci and Qu.When he discusses the physical characteristics of various literary styles,Wang Shizhen emphasizes both returning to the ancient and traditional method,and advocating the doctrine of adaptability and conforming to the temperament.Meanwhile,he not only stresses the art of parallelism and elegance,but also advocates traditions and vernacularism.As a result,later generations are often so much confused about his contradictory opinion that they even insist on two extremes which are actually both of Wang’s version,or use“Ji”to explain its compromise.Wang’s poetry criticism system is not simply overlaying or compromising.Instead,it is based on the integration of poetic music to link elegance and vulgarity.The internal logic of stylistic criticism is retro-oriented combining poetic heart and musical body,integrating elegance and vulgarity,and exploring the approach with opera theory and upgraded style,which reflects the scholar-writer characteristics of modern music.

关 键 词：王世贞 词学 曲学 辨体 文人化 

分 类 号：I207.2[文学—中国文学]