论《庄子》中“无言”的三重意蕴及其内在理路  

On the Triple Meaning and Internal Logic of “Wu-Yan” in the Chuang-Tzu

作　　者：朱松苗 ZHU Song-miao(School of Humanities,Yuncheng University,Yuncheng,Shanxi 044000,China)

机构地区：[1]运城学院人文学院,山西运城044000

出　　处：《南昌大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2018年第4期25-32,共8页Journal of Nanchang University(Humanities and Social Sciences)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目"<庄子>之‘无’的美学精神研究"(17YJC720044);山西省高等学校哲学社会科学研究项目"<庄子>之"无"的美学精神及其当代意义研究"(2017265)

摘　　要：庄子语言观的主题是"无言"。"无"在《庄子》中有否定、忘(超越)、无无等含义,"言"则有人为之言、自然之言等含义,因此,庄子的"无言"绝不仅仅是对于言的否定,它含有三重意蕴:一是形而下的人的"无言",即否定人为之言和超越工具之言;二是形而上的道的"无言"——沉默,这是道的原初存在状态;三是绝对的"无言",即"无言"的自我否定,这在于世界需要言来显现它,这种言是具有指引性、启发性的自然之言。所以,"无言"所强调的不是言与不言之分,而是人为与自然、人言与道言之分。在道言看来,人言是无可理喻的;而在人言看来,道言是荒诞不经的,所以,语言的悖论在《庄子》中并不存在。症结在于,有真人而后才有真言。Wu-Yan is the theme of the views on language of Chuang-Tzu.Because Wu and Yan have many meanings in The Chuang-Tzu,such as Wu contains denying,forgetting and the absolute Wu,Yan contains the artificial language and the natural language,etc.Thus Chuang-Tzu’s Wu-Yan is not just for negating language,which has a triple meaning.The first one is the physical Wu-Yan,namely to deny the artificial language and beyond the natural language.The second one is the metaphysical Wu-Yan-silence,which is the original state of existence of Dao.The third one is the absolute Wu-Yan,namely the self-denial of Wu-Yan.This is because the world needs language to show,which is the guiding,inspiring and natural language.So the emphasis of Wu-Yan is not Yan and Wu-Yan,but the man-made and natural,or the human said and Tao said.In the Tao said’s opinion,the human said is nonsense;And in the human said’s opinion,the Tao said is absurd.So language paradox does not exist in the Chuang-Tzu.The crux lies in the fact that the real language is root in the real man.

关 键 词：《庄子》 无言 言 

分 类 号：B232[哲学宗教—中国哲学]