论当代美德伦理学对孔子伦理学的两种解读  

On the Two Interpretations of Confucianism Ethics in Contemporary Virtue Ethics

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作  者:韩燕丽 HAN Yan-li(Department of Philosophy,Shandong Political Research Institute,Jinan 250103,China)

机构地区:[1]中共山东省委党校哲学教研部,山东济南250103

出  处:《南昌大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2018年第4期48-54,共7页Journal of Nanchang University(Humanities and Social Sciences)

基  金:山东省社会科学基金青年项目"孔子美德伦理学视域下中华传统美德创造性转化应用性研究"(18DKSJ02);中共山东省委党校创新工程科研支撑项目"论美德伦理学的基本概念与规范性"(2018CX003)

摘  要:孔子伦理学是何种类型的美德伦理学取决于如何解读孔子伦理学的人性与美德。不论是幸福主义美德伦理学还是情感主义美德伦理学,都追求道德行为者的某种完满状态,都认为人性有某种结构,可根据人性的结构考察道德行为者的完满状态是什么。不同的是,幸福主义美德伦理学所主张的人性结构偏理性,将美德的基础人性进行了理性主导下的功能式解读;情感主义美德伦理学则认为人性结构重感情,将美德的基础人性解读为人性—本心—情感的模式。幸福主义美德伦理学追求的是理性主导下人生的完满,因为理性对完满的追求在任何文化和境遇中均相同。而情感主义美德伦理学追求的是情感的完满,对情感完满的追求受到文化和境遇的影响而有所不同。对孔子伦理学进行幸福主义与情感主义解读,分别会面临非美德化与非普遍化的困境。Which type of moral ethics in Confucianism ethics depends on how to interpret the relationship between virtue and human nature.Whether it is virtue ethics of flourishing or virtue ethics of sentiments,both of them pursue a certain state of fulfillment of moral agents.They all think that human nature has a certain structure,and it is possible to examine what is the full state of moral agents according to the structure of human nature.However,the rationality of the humanity structure advocated by the virtue ethics of flourishing,rationalizes the basic human nature of virtue in a functional interpretation.Virtue Ethics of sentiments believes that human nature structure emphasizes emotions,and interprets the basic human nature of virtue as the humanity-minded-emotional model.That is,for virtue ethics of flourishing the pursuit of rationality and perfection is the same in all cultures and circumstances.Virtue ethics of sentiments pursues emotional perfection.The pursuit of emotional perfection is affected by culture and circumstances.Last but not least,the interpretation of virtue ethics of flourishing or virtue ethics of sentiments of confucianism ethics will face the predicament of non-virtue and non-universalization,respectively.

关 键 词:孔子 美德 人性论 幸福主义美德伦理学 情感主义美德伦理学 规范 

分 类 号:B22.1[哲学宗教—中国哲学]

 

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