国家认同视域下的苏联解体原因探析及启示  

Causes of the Disintegration of the Soviet Union from the Perspective of National Identity and Its Enlightenments

作　　者：吴玉军[1] 刘娟娟 WU Yu-jun;LIU Juan-juan(Research Center for Value and Culture,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学价值与文化研究中心,北京100875

出　　处：《南通大学学报（社会科学版）》2018年第5期50-56,共7页Journal of Nantong University:Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金项目"国家认同建构中的历史记忆问题研究"(17ZXB007);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"价值观视域下的公民身份与国家认同问题研究"(14JJD720014)

摘　　要：国家认同是指公民对国家政治制度、历史文化、价值观念、公民身份等的认可以及由此产生的对国家的忠诚感。从国家认同的视角看,苏联的解体是多种力量作用的结果。民族身份认同的强化对公民身份认同予以挤压,共享价值观的缺乏导致共同文化心理的薄弱,马克思主义指导地位和苏共领导地位的丧失导致了政治认同危机。在民族认同危机和文化认同危机、政治认同危机等多重因素的作用下,苏联国家大厦被压垮。从认同视角出发,探讨苏联解体的深层次原因,对于我们推进国家认同建设,增强人们的国家认同感具有很强的启示性。National identity refers to citizens’recognition to the country’s political system,history and culture,values,citizenship and the loyalty to the nation.From the perspective of national identity,the disintegration of the Soviet Union was caused by various forces.The strengthening of ethnic identity squeezed the identity of citizenship,the lack of shared values led to the weakness of common cultural psychology,and the loss of the leadership of Marxism and the CPSU resulted in political identity crisis.Due to the crisis of ethnic identity,cultural identity,political identity and so on,the Soviet Union was crushed finally.From the perspective of identity,the exploration of the deep-seated causes of the disintegration of the Soviet Union has important implications for us to promote national identity construction and enhance people’s national identity.

关 键 词：国家认同 民族认同 文化认同 政治认同 苏联解体 

分 类 号：K512.56[历史地理—历史学]