干露对活品虾夷扇贝闭壳肌SOD酶活性及其性质的影响  

Activity and characteristics of superoxide dismutase in adductor muscle of live dry-storaged yesso scallop Patinopecten yessoensis

作　　者：周晏琳 郑尧 刘慧慧 张晴 宋扬 田元勇 刘俊荣 ZHOU Yan-lin;ZHENG Yao;LIU Hui-hui;ZHANG Qing;SONG Yang;TIAN Yuan-yong;LIU Jun-rong(College of Food Science and Engineering,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学食品科学与工程学院,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2018年第5期651-657,共7页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31671790;31271980);辽宁省自然科学基金指导计划(201602105)

摘　　要：为探究活品贝类在流通过程中的品质变化与胁迫代谢的关系,以虾夷扇贝Patinopecten yessoensis为研究对象,将采捕后的活品扇贝分为3组,进行冷却及室温干藏处理,其中冷却干藏温度为4℃,分充氧包装组(CDo)和充气包装组(CDa),常温环境温度20℃为充气包装组(ADa),对3个处理组进行跟踪观察,并每日采样直至扇贝死亡。探究其闭壳肌粗酶提取液中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的变化规律及其酶学性质。结果表明:缺氧和高温导致扇贝加速死亡,冷却充氧包装组(CDo)在第6天全部死亡,冷却充气包装组(CDa)在第4天全部死亡,而常温充气包装组(ADa)则在第2天就全部死亡;冷却干露贮藏期间,闭壳肌水溶性蛋白质含量出现轻微下降,SDS-PAGE电泳分析显示,卵清蛋白(相对分子质量44000)条带附近的蛋白组分出现降解;扇贝闭壳肌中SOD活性与胁迫出现应答关联,常温组(ADa)SOD活性高于冷却组(CDo、CDa),充气组CDa又高于充氧组CDo,干露期间所有处理组的SOD活性整体呈现上升趋势;扇贝闭壳肌中SOD同样具有较高的耐热性,耐热温度为60℃,其p H稳定范围为中性,Cu^(2+)、Zn^(2+)、Fe^(3+)、十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)、柠檬酸和H_2O_2等对SOD活性有抑制作用,低浓度Mn^(2+)对SOD活性有促进作用,高浓度Mn^(2+)则有抑制作用。初步研究表明,干露与活品虾夷扇贝中SOD活性有一定相关性,温度、缺氧等胁迫均引起虾夷扇贝闭壳肌中SOD活性应答,可以进行深入研究。Activity and characteristics of superoxide dismutase(SOD)in an adductor were determined in yesso scallop Patinopecten yessoensis exposed to chilled dry storage with oxygen packaged(CDo)and air packaged(CDa)at 4℃,and ambient dry storage with air packaged(ADa)at 20℃to explore the quality mechanism of post-harvest live scallop and metabolic suppression during live dry storage.High mortality due to hypoxia and higher temperature were observed in the scallop in group ADa,while prolonged survival period was found in the scallop exposed to chilling treatment in group CDo.During chilling exposure,the water-soluble protein content of the adductor was decreased slightly,and SDS-PAGE showed that the protein nearby the ovalbumin(44 000)was to some extent degraded.There was higher activity of SOD in the scallop adductor in group ADa than that in groups CDo and CDa,higher in group CDa than that in group CDo,though the SOD activity was shown to be increased in all groups during the dry storage.SOD activity was found to be heat stable in adductor of the scallop at heat-stable temperature of 60℃and inhibited by Cu 2+,Zn 2+,Fe 3+,SDS,citric acid and H 2O 2.However,the SOD activity was promoted at low concentration of Mn 2+and inhibited at high concentration of Mn 2+.The findings indicate that there is correlation between the anaerobic stress and the superoxide dismutase activity in live scallop adductor muscle,and that further investigation is required to clarify this mechanism.

关 键 词：虾夷扇贝 活品干藏 闭壳肌 超氧化物歧化酶 

分 类 号：TS254.4[轻工技术与工程—水产品加工及贮藏工程]