基于动态参考的钢轨轮廓失真校准方法  

A Distortion Calibration Method of Rail Profile Based on Dynamic Reference

作　　者：李艳福[1] 刘宏立[1] 马子骥[1] 王超[1] LI Yanfu;LIU Hongli;MA Ziji;WANG Chao(College of Electrical and Information Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学电气与信息工程学院,湖南长沙410082

出　　处：《铁道学报》2018年第10期119-126,共8页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61771191);湖南省自然科学基金(2017JJ2052);中央高校基本科研业务费(1053Z14004)

摘　　要：有效修正车体运行过程中轮轨振动引起的廓形检测误差是钢轨廓形动态检测的关键。本文对轮轨振动的多个要素进行系统分析,指出引起廓形失真的点头和摇头振动是检测误差的主要来源;与标准轮廓相比,实测正常轮廓更适合作为曲线校准时的参考轮廓,因此本文提出一种参考轮廓构建方法,并通过在参考轮廓与待校准轮廓轨腰曲线上分别构造凸壳,实现特征点对的快速提取与仿射参数的求解。为验证本文方法的有效性,在室内基于二维激光位移传感器搭建钢轨轮廓测量平台,并进行模拟振动试验。试验结果表明:该方法能有效修正轮轨振动引起的廓形检测误差,检测速度可达225 km/h,具有一定的理论及工程应用价值。During the process of train running,effective rectification of the profile measurement deviation caused by the wheel-rail vibration is a key technology to on-board rail profile measurement system.First,on the basis of the systematic analysis of multiple related elements to the wheel-rail vibration,the pitching and yawing vibration inducing the profile distortion are thought to be the main causes of measurement deviation in this paper.Then,in view of the defect of taking the standard profile as the reference,the measured normal profile is more appropriate to serve as the reference profile for distortion calibration.Therefore,a method of constructing the reference profile was proposed.Finally,the feature points were extracted rapidly and the affine parameters were solved by constructing the convex hull on the rail waist curves of the reference profile and the profile to be calibrated,respectively.The effectiveness was verified via the vibration experiment conducted on an indoor measurement platform built with 2D laser displacement sensors.The results show the proposed method could effectively rectify the profile measurement deviation caused by wheel-rail vibration,at the detection speed of 225 km/h under the experimental setup.It has a definite theoretical and engineering application value.

关 键 词：钢轨轮廓 轮轨振动 动态参考 仿射变换 失真校准 

分 类 号：U216.3[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]